ACI 225R 2019

$29.52

225R-19: Guide to the Selection and Use of Hydraulic Cements

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ACI	2019	44

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Description

This guide covers the influence of cement on the properties of concrete, summarizing the composition and availability of commercial hydraulic cements and the factors affecting their performance in concrete. Cement is the most active component of concrete and usually has the greatest unit cost; therefore, its selection and proper use is imperative to attaining the desired balance of properties and cost for a particular concrete mixture. Selection should include consideration of the cement properties in relation to the required performance of the concrete. It includes a discussion of cement types, a brief review of cement chemistry, the influences of chemical admixtures and supplementary cementitious materials, as well as the effects of the environment on cement performance and reviews of the sustainability aspects for the use and manufacture of portland cement. Cement storage, delivery, sampling, and testing of hydraulic cements for conformance to specifications are addressed. Users will learn to recognize when a readily available, general-purpose cement will perform satisfactorily or when conditions require selection of a cement that meets additional requirements. Keywords: admixture; blended cement; calcium-aluminate cement; cement storage; cement types; chemical analysis; hydraulic cement; physical properties; portland cement; pozzolan; slag cement; supplementary cementitious materials; sustainability.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
3	TITLE PAGE
4	CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 1.1—Introduction 1.2—Scope
5	CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS 2.1—Notation 2.2—Definitions CHAPTER 3—CEMENT TYPES, AVAILABILITY, AND SELECTION 3.1—Portland and blended hydraulic cements
6	3.2—Special-purpose cement
8	3.3—Research and development 3.4—Rational approach to selection
10	CHAPTER 4—CEMENT CHEMISTRY 4.1—Portland cement
12	4.2—Blended hydraulic cement
14	4.3—Shrinkage-compensating expansive cement
15	4.4—Calcium-aluminate cement CHAPTER 5—INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES, POZZOLANS, AND SLAG CEMENTS ON CEMENTITIOUS SYSTEMS 5.1—Air-entraining admixtures
16	5.2—Other chemical admixtures
17	5.3—Pozzolans
18	5.4—Slag cements CHAPTER 6—INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON THE HYDRATION OF CEMENTS 6.1—Water requirements 6.2—Temperature effects 6.3—Composition CHAPTER 7—INFLUENCE OF CEMENT ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES
19	7.1—Thermal cracking 7.2—Placeability
20	7.3—Strength
21	7.4—Volume stability
22	7.5—Elastic properties 7.6—Creep 7.7—Permeability
23	7.8—Corrosion of embedded steel
24	7.9—Resistance to freezing and thawing 7.10—Resistance to chemical attack 7.11—Resistance to high temperatures 7.12—Aggregate reactions in concrete
25	7.13—Color
26	CHAPTER 8—CEMENT STORAGE AND DELIVERY 8.1—Storage 8.2—Pack set (sticky cement) 8.3—Delivery 8.4—Contamination and handling
27	8.5—Worker protection CHAPTER 9—SAMPLING AND TESTING HYDRAULIC CEMENTS FOR CONFORMANCE TO SPECIFICATIONS 9.1—Cement mill test reports
29	9.2—Sealed silos 9.3—Cement certification
30	9.4—Quality management
31	CHAPTER 10—SUSTAINABILITY ASPECTS OF HYDRAULIC CEMENTS 10.1—Hydraulic cements
32	10.2—Energy consumption 10.3—Use of SCMs as replacement for portland cement 10.4—Use of cement in concrete 10.5—Recycled raw materials as raw feed in the manufacture of portland cement 10.6—Alternate fuels
33	10.7—Combustion emissions 10.8—Recent progress and strategy CHAPTER 11—REFERENCES
35	Authored documents
38	APPENDIX A—CALCIUM-ALUMINATE CEMENTS A.1—Manufacture and properties
39	A.2—Influences of admixtures and supplementary cementitious materials A.3—Influence of environment A.4—Heat of hydration A.5—Setting characteristics A.6—Strength A.7—Resistance to chemical attack
40	A.8—Resistance to high temperatures
41	APPENDIX B––MANUFACTURER’S CERTIFICATION (MILL TEST REPORT)