ASCE Manual 107 05:2005 Edition

$56.25

Manual of Practice No. 107: Ship Channel Design and Operation

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASCE	2005	276

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Description

This manual provides an overview of the design process and operation of deep-draft navigation projects. Ship channels are the connecting link between the ocean shipping lanes and coastal or inland deep water ports. The reliability of ship channels is important to commercial navigation as well as to our national defense for rapid development of Navy, Army, and Coastal Guard vessels. This manual is intended as a design guide for practicing engineers and a reference for government agencies involved with the design and operation of deep draft navigation systems. This current volume is revived and expanded from Manual of Practice 80: Report on Ship Channel Design.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
6	CONTENTS
14	PREFACE
16	1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose
18	1.2 Background
19	1.3 National Defense 1.4 Economic Value to the Nation
21	1.5 Project Responsibilities
22	1.6 Scope
24	2 PROJECT DESIGN 2.1 Design Philosophy
26	2.2 Typical Project Elements 2.3 Preliminary Design Checklist
28	2.4 Design Considerations
29	2.5 U.S. Coast Guard 2.6 Baseline Studies
30	2.7 Typical Engineering Studies
31	2.8 Cargo Types
32	3 SHIP CHARACTERISTICS 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Purpose 3.1.2 Methodology and Sources
33	3.1.3 Presentation 3.2 Dry Bulk Ships 3.2.1 Description and Purpose
34	3.2.2 Ship Types
36	3.3 Container Ships 3.3.1 Description and Purpose
37	3.3.2 Future Ship Sizes 3.4 Liquid Bulk Ships 3.4.1 Description and Purpose
39	3.5 Navy Ships
40	3.6 Other Ships 3.6.1 Description and Purpose
41	3.7 Summary 3.8 Source
42	4 FACTORS INFLUENCING CHANNEL DESIGN 4.1 Water Levels 4.2 Tide Predictions 4.3 Wind, Waves, and Currents
44	4.4 Design Vessel 4.5 Sedimentation 4.6 Accident Records
45	4.7 Environmental Sustainability 4.8 Local Coordination 4.8.1 Pilot Interviews
46	4.8.2 U.S. Coast Guard
48	5 ESTUARY HYDRAULICS 5.1 Definition 5.2 Purpose of Estuary Classification
49	5.3 Classification Options 5.3.1 Topographic Classification
50	5.3.2 Classification by Salinity Structures
53	5.4 Flow Predominance 5.5 Null Point
54	5.6 Salinity Effects on Shoaling 5.7 Summary of Estuary Classification 5.8 Tide-Generating Forces
55	5.9 Tide Terms 5.10 Types of Tides
56	5.11 Spring and Neap Tides 5.12 Influence of Moon and Sun
57	5.13 Tide Prediction Tables 5.14 Nonastronomical Forces 5.15 Waveforms 5.16 Winds and Wind-Generated Waves
58	5.17 Setup, Setdown, and Storm Surge 5.18 Seiche 5.19 Freshwater Sources
59	5.20 Episodic Events 5.21 Changes in Sea Level
60	5.22 Apparent Sea Level Rise 5.23 Sea Level Rise Impact on Navigational Channels 5.24 Source
62	6 CHANNEL DEPTH 6.1 Channel Depth Design Methods
64	6.2 Design Ship Loaded Draft 6.3 Effects of Fresh Water 6.4 Ship Motion from Waves
67	6.5 Squat Underway 6.6 Safety Clearance
68	6.7 Advance Maintenance
69	6.8 Dredging Tolerance 6.9 Nautical Depth
70	6.10 Source
72	7 CHANNEL ALIGNMENT 7.1 General 7.2 Variable Alignment
73	7.3 Straight Alignment
74	7.4 PIANC Method
78	8 CHANNEL WIDTHS 8.1 General 8.2 Maneuvering Lane
80	8.3 Ship Clearance 8.4 Bank Clearance 8.5 Channel Types
81	8.6 Preliminary Design Guidelines for Straight Segments
84	8.7 Preliminary Design Guidelines for Channel Bends 8.7.1 General
89	8.7.2 Channel Width in Turns 8.7.3 Turn Design
91	8.7.4 Successive Turns 8.8 Channel Width Final Design
94	9 SEDIMENTATION 9.1 Native Soils 9.2 Riverine Sediments
95	9.3 River Reaches
96	9.4 Littoral Sediments 9.5 Predictive Techniques
97	9.6 Channel Shoaling 9.7 Beach Erosion 9.8 Source
98	10 DREDGING AND DISPOSAL 10.1 Dredges 10.2 Hopper Dredges
101	10.3 Hydraulic Pipeline Dredge
103	10.4 Dustpan and Sidecasting Dredges
104	10.5 Mechanical Dredges
106	10.6 Disposal 10.7 Source
108	11 JETTIES 11.1 Layout
109	11.2 Spacing 11.3 Length
110	11.4 Types
114	11.5 Source
116	12 SHIP LOCKS
122	13 OTHER PROJECT FEATURES 13.1 General 13.2 Turning Basins
124	13.2.1 Size 13.2.2 Depth 13.2.3 Shoaling 13.3 Anchorages
126	13.4 Salinity Barriers 13.4.1 Ship Locks 13.4.2 Submerged Barriers
127	13.5 Diversion Works
128	13.6 Bridges 13.6.1 Horizontal Clearance
129	13.6.2 Vertical Clearance 13.6.3 Bridge Approaches 13.6.4 Examples 13.7 Hurricane Barriers
132	13.8 Sediment Traps 13.9 Training Dikes and Revetments 13.9.1 Dikes 13.9.2 Revetments
135	13.10 Port Berthing and Maneuvering Areas
142	14 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 14.1 General 14.2 Altered Circulation
143	14.3 Dredging
144	14.4 Dredged Material Disposal 14.4.1 Open Water Disposal 14.4.2 Upland or off Channel
145	14.4.3 Agitation Disposal Method 14.5 Jetty Construction 14.5.1 Water Quality Impacts
146	COLOR PLATES
150	14.5.2 Biological Impacts
151	14.6 Recent Experience 14.6.1 Houston Ship Channel 14.6.2 Columbia River Ship Channel 14.7 Source
152	15 MODEL STUDIES 15.1 General 15.2 Physical Models
153	15.3 Numerical Models
154	15.4 Ship Simulator Models
160	15.5 Vessel Traffic Flow Simulation
162	16 ICE MANAGEMENT 16.1 General 16.2 Design of Channels with Ice
163	16.3 Locks 16.4 Erosion and Sediment Movement
164	16.5 Vibration 16.6 Mitigation of Ice Problems
165	16.7 Source
166	17 ECONOMIC OPTIMUM DESIGN 17.1 General 17.2 Channels
167	17.3 Structures
168	17.4 Benefits
169	17.5 Transportation Savings
170	17.6 Evaluation Procedure 17.7 Source
172	18 CONSTRUCTION 18.1 General
174	18.2 Source
176	19 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE 19.1 Weather and Channel Conditions 19.2 Ship Movements
177	19.3 Pilotage 19.4 Normal Maintenance
178	19.5 Maintenance as a Result of Extreme Events
179	19.5.1 Volcanoes 19.5.2 Earthquake
183	19.5.3 Major Floods
184	19.5.4 Hurricanes 19.6 Accidents
185	19.7 Operation and Maintenance Plan (O&M)
186	20 COAST GUARD ACTIVITIES THAT SUPPORT NAVIGATION 20.1 General 20.2 Maritime Mobility
187	20.2.1 Aids to Navigation
190	20.2.2 Private Aids to Navigation 20.2.3 Western Rivers Marking System
192	20.2.4 Notice to Mariners 20.2.5 Ice Breaking
195	20.2.6 Bridge Administration
198	20.2.7 Waterways Management/Vessel Traffic Service
202	20.3 Maritime Safety 20.3.1 Prevention
203	20.3.2 Response (Search and Rescue)
204	20.3.3 Casualty Investigations
205	20.4 Maritime Security
206	20.4.1 General Maritime Law Enforcement 20.4.2 Drug Interdiction 20.4.3 Alien Migrant Interdiction
207	20.4.4 EEZ and Living Marine Resource Law/Treaty Enforcement 20.5 National Defense 20.6 Protection of Natural Resources
208	20.6.1 Pollution Response
209	20.6.2 Enforcement 20.7 Source
210	21 NOAA ACTIVITIES THAT SUPPORT NAVIGATION 21.1 National Ocean Service (NOS) 21.2 Authorizing Mandate 21.3 Nautical Charts
212	21.4 Tides and Currents
214	21.5 Currents
215	21.6 Global Positioning
216	21.7 Coast Pilot 21.8 Ports
217	21.9 Marine and Coastal Weather Services 21.10 Source
218	22 CASE HISTORIES 22.1 Case History 1—Grays Harbor, Washington 22.2 Case History 2—Norfolk Harbor, Virginia 22.3 Case History 3—Savannah Harbor, Georgia
219	22.4 Case History 1—Grays Harbor, Washington 22.4.1 Project Description
220	22.4.2 Proposed Channel Improvements 22.4.3 Hydrodynamic and Wind Conditions
221	22.4.4 Design Vessel 22.4.5 Channel Depth Design
222	22.4.6 Channel Width and Alignment Design
223	22.4.7 Outer Harbor Simulations 22.4.8 Inner Harbor 22.4.9 Hydrodynamic and Sediment Studies
224	22.4.10 Dredge Material Disposal 22.4.11 Mitigation 22.4.12 Relocations 22.4.13 Project Status
225	22.5 Case History 2—Norfolk Harbor and Channels, Virginia 22.5.1 Project Description 22.5.2 Proposed Channel Improvements 22.5.3 Hydrodynamic and Wind Conditions
227	22.5.4 Design Vessels
228	22.5.5 Channel Design Simulation Studies 22.5.6 Channel Depth Design
229	22.5.7 Channel Width Design 22.5.8 Hydrodynamic and Sedimentation Studies
230	22.5.9 Dredge Material Disposal 22.5.10 Mitigation 22.5.11 Relocations
232	22.6 Case History 3—Savannah Harbor Widening Project Savannah, Georgia 22.6.1 Project Description
233	22.6.2 Proposed Channel Improvements 22.6.3 Hydrodynamic Conditions 22.6.4 Design Vessels
234	22.6.5 Channel Design
235	22.6.6 Project Status
236	Appendix A: BIBLIOGRAPHY
240	Appendix B: DIMENSIONS OF SELECTED U.S. DEEP-DRAFT NAVIGATION ENTRANCE CHANNELS IN 1993
242	Appendix C: ESTUARY WATERWAY PROJECTS LESSONS LEARNED
264	INDEX A B
265	C
266	D
267	E F
268	G H I
269	J K L
270	M N
271	O P
272	R S
274	T
275	U V
276	W Y