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ASTM-C1421:2009 Edition

ASTM-C1421:2009 Edition

$58.50

C1421-09 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Fracture Toughness of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASTM 2009 32
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1.1 These test methods cover the fracture toughness, K Ic , determination of advanced ceramics at ambient temperature. The methods determine K Ipb (precracked beam test specimen), K Isc (surface crack in flexure), and K Ivb (chevron-notched beam test specimen). The fracture toughness values are determined using beam test specimens with a sharp crack. The crack is either a straight-through crack formed via bridge flexure (pb), or a semi-elliptical surface crack formed via Knoop indentation (sc), or it is formed and propagated in a chevron notch (vb), as shown in Fig. 1.

Note 1The terms bend(ing) and flexure are synonymous in these test methods.

1.2 These test methods are applicable to materials with either flat or with rising R-curves. Differences in test procedure and analysis may cause the values from each test method to be different. For many materials, such as the silicon nitride Standard Reference Material 2100, the three methods give identical results at room temperature in ambient air.

1.3 The fracture toughness values for a material can be functions of environment, test rate and temperature. These test methods give fracture toughness values for specific conditions of environment, test rate and temperature.

1.4 These test methods are intended primarily for use with advanced ceramics which are macroscopically homogeneous. Certain whisker- or particle-reinforced ceramics may also meet the macroscopic behavior assumptions. Single crystals may also be tested.

1.5 This standard begins with a main body that provides information on fracture toughness testing in general. It is followed by annexes and appendices with specific information for the particular test methods.

1.6 Values expressed in these test methods are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and Practice E 380.

1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Note The figures on the right show the test specimen cross sections and crack types. Four-point loading may be used with all three methods. Three-point may be used with the pb and vb specimens.

FIG. 1 The Three Test Methods

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Scope
Referenced Documents
2 Terminology
FIG. 1
3 Summary of Test Methods
4 Significance and Use
FIG. 2
5 Interferences
Apparatus
6 Test Specimen Configurations, Dimensions and Preparation
General Procedures for Test Methods and Calculations
Report
7 Precision and Bias
Keywords
8 A1. SUGGESTED TEST FIXTURE SCHEMATICS
A1.1
TABLE 1
FIG. A1.1
9 A2. PROCEDURES AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PRECRACKED BEAM METHOD
A2.1 Test Specimen
FIG. A1.2
FIG. A2.1
10 A2.2 Apparatus
A2.3 Procedure
FIG. A2.2
FIG. A2.3
11 FIG. A2.4
FIG. A2.5
12 A2.4 Calculation
FIG. A2.6
13 A2.5 Valid Test
A2.6 Reporting Requirements
A2.7 Precision and Bias
TABLE A2.1
TABLE A2.2
14 A3. PROCEDURES AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SURFACE-CRACK IN FLEXURE METHOD
A3.1 Test Specimen
FIG. A3.1
15 A3.2 Apparatus
A3.3 Procedure
FIG. A3.2
16 FIG. A3.3
FIG. A3.4
FIG. A3.5
17 FIG. A3.6
FIG. A3.7
18 A3.4 Calculation
A3.5 Requirements
19 A3.6 Valid Test
A3.7 Reporting Requirements
A3.8 Precision and Bias
TABLE A3.1
20 A4. PROCEDURES AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CHEVRON NOTCH FLEXURE METHOD
A4.1 Test Specimen
FIG. A4.1
FIG. A4.2
21 A4.2 Apparatus
A4.3 Procedure
22 A4.4 Recommendations
A4.5 Calculation
FIG. A4.3
23 A4.6 Valid Test
A4.7 Reporting Requirements
A4.8 Precision and Bias
X1. PRECRACK CHARACTERIZATION, SURFACE CRACK IN FLEXURE METHOD
X1.1
24 X1.2
X1.3
X1.4
X1.5
X1.6
FIG. X1.1
FIG. X1.2
FIG. X1.3
25 X1.7
X1.8
X1.9
X1.10
X1.11
X1.12
X1.13
X1.14
X1.15
FIG. X1.4
FIG. X1.5
FIG. X1.6
26 X1.16
X1.17
X2. COMPLICATIONS IN INTERPRETING SURFACE CRACK IN FLEXURE PRECRACKS
X2.1
FIG. X2.1
27 X3. ALTERNATIVE PRECRACKING PROCEDURE, SURFACE CRACK IN FLEXURE METHOD
X3.1
X3.2
FIG. X2.1
28 X3.3
X3.4
X3.5
X3.6
X3.7
X3.8
X4. CHAMFER CORRECTION FACTORS, SURFACE CRACK IN FLEXURE METHOD ONLY
X4.1
X4.2
X4.3
FIG. X3.1
FIG. X3.2
FIG. X4.1
29 X5. CRACK ORIENTATION
X5.1
X5.2
X5.3
TABLE X4.1
FIG. X5.1
30 X5.4
REFERENCES
FIG. X5.2

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