BS 3998:2010
$189.07
Tree work. Recommendations
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2010 | 76 |
This British Standard gives general recommendations for tree work.
It gives guidance on management options for established trees (including soil care and tree felling) and overgrown hedges.
NOTE The principles of this standard may also be applied to some shrubs, which can have similar characteristics to trees.
This British Standard does not give guidance on carrying out tree surveys or tree inspections. It considers the impact of work on an individual tree in relation to neighbouring trees, but does not cover overall management of tree populations.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 5 | Foreword |
| 7 | 0 Introduction 0.1 Trees as self-optimizing organisms 0.2 Reasons for carrying out tree work |
| 8 | 0.3 Potential consequences of tree work |
| 9 | Figure 1 Overview of standard and decision-making process |
| 10 | 0.4 Categories of tree work: purposes and principles |
| 11 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions |
| 15 | 4 Tree work safety and planning 4.1 Work specification |
| 16 | 4.2 Safety planning prior to carrying out tree work 4.3 Avoiding transmission of pests and pathogens |
| 17 | 4.4 Avoiding damage from tree work operations 4.5 Site management |
| 18 | 5 Scheduling tree works 5.1 Risk control 5.2 Season, weather and past damage |
| 19 | 5.3 Habitat and wildlife 5.4 Phased work |
| 20 | 6 Management of the rooting environment 6.1 General 6.2 Mulching |
| 21 | 6.3 Aeration/decompaction |
| 22 | 6.4 Removal/replacement of soil |
| 23 | 6.5 Irrigation/drainage 6.6 Nutrient deficiency |
| 24 | 6.7 Other treatments 7 Pruning and related work 7.1 General |
| 25 | 7.2 Minimizing the potentially undesirable effects of pruning |
| 28 | Table 1 Maximum recommended number of cuts, according to size, on a tree of stem-diameter 600 mm |
| 29 | Figure 2 Positions of final cuts |
| 30 | 7.3 Risk management of deadwood |
| 31 | 7.4 Formative pruning 7.5 Crown thinning |
| 32 | 7.6 Crown lifting |
| 33 | 7.7 Crown reduction and reshaping Figure 3 Crown lifting |
| 35 | Figure 4 Diagrammatic illustration of crown reduction |
| 36 | 7.8 Selective pruning 7.9 Pruning for infrastructure |
| 37 | 7.10 Pollarding |
| 38 | 7.11 Pruning of overgrown hedges 7.12 Climbing plants |
| 39 | 7.13 Removal of inappropriate objects 8 Treatment of wounds and other injuries 8.1 General |
| 40 | 8.2 Treatment of bark wounds 8.3 Treatment of injuries that involve the wood |
| 41 | 8.4 Exudation 8.5 Cankers |
| 42 | 8.6 Root injuries 9 Management of decay – cavities and water pockets 9.1 General 9.2 Management of cavities and water pockets |
| 43 | 9.3 Control of access to cavities 10 Management of weak structures |
| 44 | 10.1 General 10.2 Factors to be taken into account when choosing a restraint or support system |
| 45 | 10.3 Construction of restraint systems 10.4 Flexible restraint systems |
| 47 | 10.5 Rigid bracing |
| 48 | 10.6 Propping |
| 49 | 10.7 Guying unstable trees 10.8 Fallen trees |
| 50 | 10.9 Inspection and maintenance of restraint and support systems |
| 51 | 11 Other attachments to trees 12 Tree felling and stump management 12.1 General |
| 52 | 12.2 Tree felling 12.3 Stumps to be retained |
| 54 | 12.4 Stumps to be removed/destroyed |
| 55 | 13 Completion of work 13.1 General 13.2 Disposal, utilization and retention of arisings |
| 56 | 13.3 Follow-up work |
| 57 | Annex A (informative) The law affecting tree work Table A.1 Tree and habitat protection – Legislation and sources of information |
| 59 | Annex B (informative) Management options |
| 60 | Table B.1 Management objectives and commonly applied pruning options |
| 61 | Table B.2 Root and soil problems: options for amelioration or remediation |
| 62 | Table B.3 Stump management options |
| 63 | Annex C (normative) Crown management – specialized practices |
| 66 | Annex D (informative) Attaching restraint systems Figure D.1 �Diagrammatic illustration of components used in a non-invasive restraint system: double belt system with hollow braid polyester rope |
| 67 | Figure D.2 �Diagrammatic illustration of components used in a non-invasive restraint system: monofilament polypropylene hollow rope system |
| 68 | Figure D.3 Diagrammatic illustration of components used in an invasive restraint system |
| 69 | Figure D.4 Diagrammatic illustration of systems for separating and securing rubbing branches |
| 70 | Bibliography |
