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BS EN 13725:2022

BS EN 13725:2022

$215.11

Stationary source emissions. Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry and odour emission rate

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2022 126
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This document specifies a method for the objective determination of the odour concentration of a gaseous sample using dynamic olfactometry with human assessors. The standard also specifies a method for the determination of the emission rate of odours from stationary sources, in particular: – point sources (conveyed or ducted emissions); – active area sources (e.g. biofilters); – passive sources. The primary application of this standard is to provide a common basis for evaluation of odour emissions. When this document is used for the determination of the odour concentration or the odour emission rate of stationary source emissions, the other relevant European Standards concerning stationary source emissions apply, in particular EN 15259 and EN 16911-1, especially when measurements have to be in compliance with the relevant European Directives concerning industrial air emissions. Even so, the analysis/quantification step of the measurement method described in this document (i.e. the determination of the odour concentration of an odorous gas sample, without respect to the origin of the sample itself) can be fully applied in many cases not related with industrial emission sources (e.g. the measurement of the mass concentration at the detection threshold of pure odorous substances, the determination of effectiveness of deodorizing systems for indoor air). In those latter cases, the requirements in this document concerning the measurement planning and the sampling of stationary sources can be ignored or adapted. This document is applicable to the measurement of odour concentration of pure substances, defined odorant compounds and undefined mixtures of odorant volatiles in air or nitrogen, using dynamic olfactometry with a panel of human assessors being the sensor. The unit of measurement is the European odour unit per cubic metre: ouE/m3. The odour concentration is measured by determining the dilution factor required to reach the detection threshold. The odour concentration at the detection threshold is by definition 1 ouE/m3. The odour concentration is then expressed in terms of multiples of the detection threshold. The range of measurement is typically from 101 ouE/m3 to 107 ouE/m3 (including pre dilution). The field of application of this document includes: – the measurement of the mass concentration at the detection threshold of pure odorous substances in g/m3; – the determination of the EROM value of odorants, in mol; – the measurement of the odour concentration of mixtures of odorants in ouE/m3; – the measurement of the emission rate of odorous emissions from point sources, active area sources and passive area sources, including pre dilution during sampling; – the sampling of odorous gases from emissions of high humidity and temperature (up to 200 °C); – the determination of effectiveness of end-of-pipe mitigation techniques used to reduce odour emissions. The determination of odour emissions requires measurement of gas velocityto determine the gas volume flow rate. The field of application of this document does not include: – the measurement of odours potentially released by particles of odorous solids or droplets of odorous fluids suspended in emissions; – the measuring strategy to be applied in case of variable emission rates; – the measurement of the relationship between odour stimulus and assessor response above detection threshold (perceived intensity); – measurement of hedonic tone (or (un)pleasantness) or assessment of annoyance potential; – direct measurement of odour exposure in ambient air. For this measurement purpose, field panel methods exist which are the subject of CEN standard EN 16841-1, Ambient Air – Determination of odour in ambient air by using field inspection – Grid method; – direct olfactometry, including field olfactometry; – static olfactometry; – measurement of odour recognition thresholds; – measurement of odour identification thresholds. …..

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 National foreword
7 European foreword
8 1 Scope
9 2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
10 3.1 Terms and definitions for olfactometry
15 3.2 Terms and definitions for sampling
18 3.3 Terms and definitions for metrology and statistics
23 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
25 5 Principle of method
5.1 Odour measurement: odorant gas sampling and odour analysis
5.2 Odorant gas sampling
5.3 Determination of odour concentration
5.3.1 General principle of odour concentration measurement
27 5.3.2 Procedure for establishing a robust estimated value of the secondary reference odour mass (SROM)
28 6 Apparatus and materials
6.1 General properties of materials
6.2 Sampling equipment
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Materials for sampling equipment
29 6.2.3 Cleaning and re-use of sampling equipment
6.3 Sample container
6.3.1 Materials for sample container (bags)
30 6.3.2 Testing of sample containers
6.3.3 Cleaning and re-use of sample containers
6.4 Gases
6.4.1 Neutral gas
31 6.4.2 Odorant reference materials
6.4.3 Reference material for calibration of dilution apparatus (olfactometer)
6.5 Dilution apparatus
6.5.1 Construction of the olfactometer
32 6.5.2 Instrumental dilution range of olfactometer
6.5.3 Interface between nose and olfactometer
6.5.4 Calibration procedure
33 6.6 Environment for observations by assessors
6.6.1 Olfactometry room
34 6.6.2 Air conditioning for the olfactometry room
6.7 Panel
6.7.1 Code of behaviour for assessors and panel members
6.7.2 Selection of assessors on individual variability and sensitivity
35 6.7.3 Monitoring of panel members on individual variability and sensitivity
36 6.7.4 Panel size
7 Performance characteristics and criteria
7.1 General
37 7.2 Accuracy – statistical model
7.3 Overall sensory quality requirements
7.3.1 General
38 7.3.2 Quality criteria for the performance within one laboratory
40 7.3.3 Assessment of precision between laboratories (reproducibility) using environmental samples
41 7.4 Quality requirements for dilution apparatus
7.4.1 General
42 7.4.2 Quality criteria for the performance of dilution apparatus
43 7.4.3 Quality criterion for instability of dilution apparatus
44 8 Measurement objective and measurement plan
8.1 General
8.2 Preliminary investigation
8.3 Measurement plan
45 9 Measurement procedure
9.1 Sampling
9.1.1 Health and safety issues during sampling
9.1.2 Sampling for delayed olfactometry
9.1.3 Sample collection method
46 9.1.4 Pre-dilution during sampling
48 9.1.5 Transport and storage of odorant gas samples before analysis
49 9.1.6 Sampling strategy
50 9.2 Sampling of a point source
9.2.1 Sampling equipment
9.2.2 Measurement section and measurement site
9.2.3 Volume flow rate measurement
9.3 Sampling of area sources
9.3.1 General
51 9.3.2 Sampling of active area sources
55 9.4 Olfactometric analysis
9.4.1 Modes of presentation and choice
56 9.4.2 Evaluation time and inter-stimulus time
9.4.3 Number and order of presentations
9.4.4 Initial determination of presentation series at the start of the measurement
57 9.5 Occupational safety for sampling personnel, assessors and olfactometry operators
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 Toxicity
58 9.5.3 The panel members
9.5.4 The olfactometry operators
9.5.5 The sampling technicians
60 9.6 Validation and calculation of results
9.6.1 Calculation of odour concentration of a sample from a set of panel member responses
61 9.6.2 Calculation of odour flow from odour concentration and volume flow rate
62 9.6.3 Calculation of odour abatement efficiency
10 Quality assurance and quality control procedures
10.1 Field blank
63 10.2 Measurement uncertainty
10.2.1 General
64 10.2.2 Estimation of the within-laboratory uncertainty
68 10.3 Determination of the limit of detection (LoD) and the limit of quantification (LoQ)
70 11 Measurement records and report
11.1 General
11.2 Records and reporting for emission sampling
71 11.3 Records and reporting for odour concentration measurement
73 Bibliography
75 Annex A (informative) Physiological principles
79 Annex B (informative) Example of calculation of instrumental accuracy and instability
82 Annex C (informative) Example of calculation of odour measurements within one laboratory
84 Annex D (informative) Example of calculations for panel selection
86 Annex E (informative) Example of the calculation of the odour concentration from a set of panel member responses
89 Annex F (informative) Example of the calculation used to determine the number of odour concentration measurements required to achieve a defined precision
92 Annex G (informative) Example of the calculation used to determine the number of odour concentration measurements required to determine a difference between two means
97 Annex H (informative) Example of the calculation of the odour flow rate (standard conditions) for a wet emission
98 Annex I (informative) Example of the calculation of an SROM value for a new defined odorant from an EROM comparison
106 Annex J (informative) Example of the calculation of measurement uncertainty
113 Annex K (informative) Dynamic dilution apparatus for sampling
116 Annex L (informative) Considerations for the interpretation of the odour concentration concept for air quality management
117 Annex M (informative) Sampling of passive area sources
119 Annex N (informative) Significant technical changes

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BS EN 13725:2022
$215.11