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BS EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021

BS EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021

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Safety of toys – Migration of certain elements

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2021 66
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This document specifies requirements and test methods for the migration of aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, Chromium (III), Chromium (VI), cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, strontium, tin, organic tin and zinc from toy materials and from parts of toys.

Packaging materials are not considered to be part of the toy unless they have intended play value.

NOTE 1 See the European Commission guidance document no. 12 on the application of the Directive on the safety of toys ā€“ packaging [2].

The standard contains requirements for the migration of certain elements from the following categories of toy materials:

  • Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable materials;

  • Category II: Liquid or sticky materials;

  • Category III: Scraped-off materials.

The requirements of this document do not apply to toys or parts of toys which, due to their accessibility, function, volume or mass, clearly exclude any hazard due to sucking, licking or swallowing or prolonged skin contact when the toy or part of toy is used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.

NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, for the following toys and parts of toys the likelihood of sucking, licking or swallowing toys is considered significant (see H.2 and H.3):

ā€” All toys intended to be put in the mouth or to the mouth, cosmetics toys and writing instruments categorized as toys can be considered to be sucked, licked or swallowed;

ā€” All the accessible parts and components of toys intended for children up to 6 years of age can be considered to come into contact with the mouth. The likelihood of mouth contact with parts of toys intended for older children is not considered significant in most cases (see H.2).

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
12 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
13 4 Requirements
4.1 Toy material categories (see H.4)
14 4.2 Specific requirements
15 5 Principle
16 6 Reagents and apparatus
6.1 Reagents
6.2 Apparatus
7 Sampling and sample preparation
7.1 Selection of test portions
17 7.2 Sample preparation
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Sampling
19 7.2.3 Dewaxing (see H.11)
7.2.3.1 General
7.2.3.2 Dewaxing procedure
20 8 Migration methodology
8.1 Preparation of test portions before migration testing
8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable materials and Category II: Liquid or sticky materials
8.1.2.1 Samples containing grease, oil, wax or similar material
8.1.2.2 Samples not containing grease, oil, wax or similar material
8.1.3 Category III: Scraped-off materials
8.1.3.1 Glass, ceramic and metallic materials
8.1.3.2 Paper and paper board
21 8.1.3.3 Other materials
8.2 pH adjustment (see H.10)
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 pH adjustment ā€“ no buffering effect by toy material
8.2.3 pH adjustment ā€“ buffering effect by toy material
22 8.3 Migration procedure
8.3.1 Migration
8.3.1.1 Migration conditions
8.3.1.2 pH control after migration (see H.10)
23 8.3.2 Filtration (see H.8)
8.3.2.1 General
8.3.2.2 Samples exceeding the copper limit value
9 Stabilization and analysis of migration solutions
9.1 General
9.2 General elements
9.3 Chromium (VI)
24 9.4 Organic tin
10 Calculation of results
10.1 Calculation of migration
10.1.1 General
10.1.2 Calculation of Chromium (III)
25 10.2 Interpretation of results
11 Method performance
11.1 Repeatability and reproducibility
27 11.2 Estimation of bias
11.3 Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ)
28 12 Test report
29 Annex A (informative)Significant technical changes between this document and the previous version
31 Annex B (informative)Information on method validation
B.1 General
B.2 Samples of interlaboratory comparison
32 B.3 Selection of material category/element combinations
33 Annex C (informative)Estimation of reproducibility
35 Annex D (informative)Toy material visual particle size comparison materials
37 Annex E (normative)Method of analysis for general elements
E.1 Principle
E.2 Working solutions
E.2.1 Stock solution (M1)
38 E.2.2 Diluted stock solution (M2)
E.2.3 Working solutions
E.2.4 Internal standard stock solution
E.3 Procedure
E.4 Analysis
39 E.5 Calculation
E.5.1 Calibration curve
E.5.2 Calculation of migration
40 Annex F (normative)Method of analysis for Chromium (VI)
F.1 Principle
F.2 Reagents
41 F.3 Apparatus
42 F.4 Procedure
F.5 Analysis
F.5.1 General
F.5.2 Chromatographic conditions
43 F.5.3 Limit of detection and quantification
F.5.3.1 General
F.5.3.2 Example of chromatogram
F.6 Calculation
F.6.1 Calibration curve
44 F.6.2 Calculation of migration
45 Annex G (normative)Method of analysis for organic tin (see H.9)
G.1 Principle
46 G.2 Reagents
49 G.3 Apparatus
G.4 Procedure
G.4.1 Sample derivatisation
G.4.1.1 Derivatisation
50 G.4.1.2 Category I and III materials
G.4.1.3 Category II materials
G.4.1.4 Standard addition method
51 G.4.2 Calibration standards
G.5 Analysis
G.5.1 General
53 G.5.2 Example of GC conditions
G.5.3 Example of MS conditions
G.5.4 Limit of detection and quantification
54 G.5.5 Example of a GC-MS chromatogram
55 G.6 Calculation
G.6.1 Calibration curve
G.6.2 Standard addition
G.6.3 Calculation of migration of organic tin
57 Annex H (informative)Rationale
H.1 General
H.2 Mouthing behaviour of children (see Clause 1)
58 H.3 Skin contact (see Clause 1)
H.4 Toy categories (see 4.1)
H.5 Test portions (see Clause 7)
H.6 Size of test pieces (see 7.2)
59 H.7 Stability of Chromium (VI) in the migration solution (see 9.3)
H.8 Filtration of migration solutions (see 8.3.2)
H.9 Organic tin (see Annex G)
61 H.10 pH value (see 8.2 and 8.3.1.2)
H.11 De-waxing (see 7.2.3)
62 Annex ZA (informative)!Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC aimed to be covered

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BS EN 71-3:2019+A1:2021
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