1.1 General

These Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications describe specific functional requirements for HVDC Grid Systems. The terminology “HVDC Grid Systems” is used here describing HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two converter stations connected to a common DC circuit.

While this document focuses on requirements, that are specific for HVDC Grid Systems, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e. including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC, Cigré or other documents relevant have been used for reference as far as possible.

Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. only nominal DC voltages equal or higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.

Both parts have the same outline and headlines to aid the reader.

NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear.

1.2 About the present release

The present release of the Guidelines and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications describes technical guidelines and specifications for HVDC Grid Systems which are characterized by having exactly one single connection between two converter stations, often referred to as radial systems. When developing the requirements for radial systems, care is taken not to build up potential showstoppers for meshed systems. Meshed HVDC Grid Systems can be included into this specification at a later point in time.

The Guidelines and Parameter List to the Functional Specification of HVDC Grid Systems cover technical aspects of:

coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems
HVDC Grid System characteristics
HVDC Grid System control
HVDC Grid System protection
AC/DC converter stations
HVDC Grid System installations, including DC switching stations
models and validation
HVDC Grid System integration tests

Beyond the present scope, the following content is proposed for future work:

transmission lines and transition stations
DC/DC converter stations
DC line power flow controllers

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	undefined
10	1 Scope 1.1 General 1.2 About the present release
11	2 Normative references
12	3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions
14	3.2 Abbreviations
15	4 Coordination of HVDC Grid System and AC Systems 4.1 General 4.2 Purpose of the HVDC Grid System and Power Network Diagram 4.3 AC/DC Power Flow Optimisation
19	4.4 Converter Operational Functions 4.4.1 Basic Operation Functions – Converter Normal Operation State 4.4.1.1 General
20	4.4.1.2 AC System Frequency by a Frequency / Power Droop 4.4.1.3 DC Voltage / DC Power Droop 4.4.2 Basic Operation Functions – Converter Abnormal Operation State 4.4.2.1 General
21	4.4.2.2 Network Conditions and Power Flow Requirements
22	4.4.2.3 Abnormal AC Voltage Conditions
23	4.4.3 Ancillary Services 4.4.3.1 General 4.4.3.2 Frequency Control Related Services
26	4.4.3.3 AC Voltage Control Related Services 4.4.3.4 Power Oscillation Damping Services
27	4.4.3.5 System Restoration Services 5 HVDC Grid System Characteristics 5.1 HVDC Circuit Topologies 5.1.1 Availability and Reliability
28	5.1.2 Basic Characteristics and Nomenclature 5.1.3 Attributes of HVDC Grid Systems or HVDC Grid Sub-Systems 5.1.3.1 Number of HV Poles 5.1.3.2 DC Circuit Earthing 5.1.4 Attributes of a Station 5.1.4.1 Connection to HV Poles 5.1.4.2 Neutral Return Path
29	5.1.4.3 Station Earthing 5.2 Connection Modes 5.3 Grid Operating States 5.3.1 General 5.3.2 Normal State 5.3.3 Alert State
30	5.3.4 Emergency State 5.3.5 Blackout State 5.3.6 Restoration 5.4 DC Voltages 5.4.1 General
31	5.4.2 Nominal DC System Voltage
32	5.4.3 Steady-State DC Voltage 5.4.4 Temporary DC Voltage
33	5.4.5 Neutral Bus Voltages 5.5 Insulation Coordination 5.6 Short-Circuit Characteristics 5.6.1 Calculation of Short-Circuit Currents in HVDC Grid Systems
35	5.6.2 Short-Circuit Current Design Requirements 5.7 Steady-State Voltage and Current Distortions 5.7.1 Voltage and Current Distortion Limits
36	5.7.2 Frequency Dependent DC System Impedance 5.8 DC System Restoration 5.8.1 General 5.8.2 Post DC Fault Recovery 5.8.3 Restoration from Blackout
37	6 HVDC Grid System Control 6.1 Closed-Loop Control Functions 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Core Control Functions 6.1.3 Coordinating Control Functions 6.2 Controller Hierarchy 6.2.1 General 6.2.2 Internal Converter Control 6.2.3 DC Node Voltage Control 6.2.4 Coordinated HVDC Grid System Control 6.2.4.1 General 6.2.4.2 Autonomous Adaptation Control
39	6.2.4.3 DC Grid Control 6.2.5 AC/DC Grid Control
40	6.3 Propagation of Information
43	6.4 Open-Loop Controls 6.4.1 Coordination of Connection Modes between Stations and their PoC-DCs 6.4.2 Operating Sequences for HVDC Grid System Installations
45	6.4.3 Post DC Fault Recovery 7 HVDC Grid System Protection 7.1 General 7.2 DC Fault Separation 7.3 Protection System Related Installations and Equipment 7.3.1 AC/DC Converter Station 7.3.2 HVDC Grid System Topology and Equipment 7.4 HVDC Grid System Protection Zones 7.4.1 General
47	7.4.2 Permanent Stop P
48	7.4.3 Permanent Stop PQ 7.4.4 Temporary Stop P 7.4.5 Temporary Stop PQ 7.4.6 Continued Operation 7.4.7 Example of a Protection Zone Matrix 7.5 DC Protection 7.5.1 General
49	7.5.2 DC Converter Protections 7.5.3 HVDC Grid System Protections 7.5.3.1 General 7.5.3.2 Protection Schemes Based on Communication 7.5.3.3 Protection Scheme without Communication 7.5.4 DC Grid Protection Communication 8 AC/DC Converter Stations 8.1 Introduction 8.2 AC/DC Converter Station Types 8.3 Overall Requirements 8.3.1 Robustness of AC/DC Converter Stations 8.3.2 Availability and Reliability
50	8.3.3 Active Power Reversal 8.4 Main Circuit Design 8.4.1 General Characteristics 8.4.1.1 Station Topology 8.4.1.2 Active and Reactive Power Characteristics 8.4.1.3 Energisation
51	8.4.1.4 Energy Dissipation/Absorption Capability 8.4.2 DC Side 8.4.2.1 DC Connection
52	8.4.2.2 DC Voltages 8.4.2.3 DC Insulation Levels
53	8.4.2.4 DC Fault Ride Through Behaviour 8.4.2.5 Capability of Switching/Breaking DC Currents
55	8.4.2.6 Fault Current Levels DC Side 8.4.2.7 System Restoration DC Side
56	8.4.2.8 Steady State DC Voltage and Current Distortion 8.4.2.9 Frequency Dependent DC System Impedance 8.4.3 AC Side 8.4.3.1 AC voltages 8.4.3.2 AC Fault Ride Through Behaviour 8.4.3.3 AC Frequency 8.4.3.4 Fault Current Contribution AC Side 8.4.3.5 Capability of Switching/Breaking AC Currents 8.5 Controls 8.5.1 General 8.5.2 Automated vs. Manual Operation
57	8.5.3 Control Modes & Support of Coordination
58	8.5.4 Limitation Strategies 8.5.5 Operating Sequences for AC/DC Converter Station 8.5.6 Dynamic Behaviour 8.5.6.1 Step Responses 8.5.6.2 Stability Criteria
59	8.6 Protection 8.6.1 General 8.6.2 Configuration Requirements 8.6.3 Function Requirements 8.6.3.1 Converter Unit Protection Zone 8.6.3.2 DC Line Protection Zone 8.6.4 DC Grid Interface 8.6.5 Fault Separation Strategy for Faults inside the AC/DC Converter Station 8.6.6 Coordination of the DC Protection with the HVDC Grid System 8.6.7 Example for Coordination of the DC Protection with the HVDC Grid System 9 HVDC Grid System Installations 9.1 General
60	9.2 DC Switching Station 9.2.1 Overall Requirements 9.2.1.1 Coordination and Communication 9.2.1.2 Availability and Reliability 9.2.2 Main Circuit Design 9.2.2.1 General Characteristics
61	9.2.2.2 DC Side
66	9.2.2.3 AC Side 9.2.3 Controls 9.2.3.1 General 9.2.3.2 Automated vs. Manual Operation
67	9.2.3.3 Control Modes & Support of Coordination
68	9.2.3.4 Limitation Strategies
69	9.2.3.5 Operating Sequences for a DC Switching Station
70	9.2.3.6 Dynamic Behaviour 9.2.4 Protection 9.2.4.1 General 9.2.4.2 Configuration Requirements 9.2.4.3 Function Requirements 9.2.4.4 DC Grid Interface 9.2.4.5 Fault Separation Strategy for Faults inside the DC Switching Station 9.2.4.6 Coordination of the DC Protection with the HVDC Grid System
71	9.2.4.7 Example for Coordination of the DC Protection with the HVDC Grid System 10 Models and Validation 10.1 Introduction 10.2 HVDC Grid System Studies 10.2.1 Type of Studies 10.2.2 Tools and Methods 10.3 Model General Specifications 10.3.1 Model Capability 10.3.2 Model Format and Data Type 10.3.3 Model Aggregation
72	10.4 Model Specific Recommendations 10.4.1 Load Flow Models
73	10.4.2 Short-Circuit Models 10.4.3 Protection System Models 10.4.4 Insulation Coordination Related Models 10.4.5 Electromechanical Transient Models
74	10.4.6 Electromagnetic Transient Models
80	10.4.7 Power Quality Models 10.5 Model Validation
81	10.6 Compliance Simulation 10.7 Outputs/Results 10.7.1 Model Data 10.7.2 Model Documentation 10.7.3 Model Example
82	10.7.4 Model Compliance Documentation 10.7.5 Model Validation Documentation – Model Final Version 10.7.6 Model Guarantee 11 HVDC Grid System Integration Tests 11.1 Off-Site Testing of the HVDC Control and Protection System 11.2 Dynamic Performance Study/Tests (DPS) Performed with Offline Models 11.2.1 DPS Simulations in a Multi-Vendor Environment 11.2.2 DPS Simulations Scenarios
83	11.3 Factory Tests 11.3.1 General 11.3.2 Factory Test Scenarios 11.3.3 Factory Tests when Existing System C&P Replicas are Available 11.3.3.1 C&P Replicas of the Existing Equipment 11.3.3.2 Factory Tests with the New Equipment 11.3.4 Factory Tests when Existing System C&P Replicas are not Available 11.3.4.1 C&P Models of Existing Systems Running in Real-Time 11.3.4.2 Factory Test with the New Equipment
84	11.4 On Site Testing

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
BSI	2020	86


PDF Format	Searchable	Printable	Preview Now

Status	Definitive
Pages	86
Publication Date	2020-06-23
ISBN	978 0 539 06427 8
Standard Number	PD CLC/TS 50654-2:2020
Title	HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations. Guideline and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications – Parameter Lists
Identical National Standard Of	CLC/TS 50654-2
Replaces	PD CLC/TS 50654-2:2018
Descriptors	Electric power stations, Circuits, Power transmission (electric), Voltage, Grids
Publisher	BSI
Committee	GEL/8
ICS Codes	29.240.01 - Power transmission and distribution networks in general

BSI PD CLC/TS 50654-2:2020

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