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BSI PD IEC/PAS 63151:2018

BSI PD IEC/PAS 63151:2018

$215.11

Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices. Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 30 MHz to 6 GHz)

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2018 130
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This Publicly Available Specification (PAS) specifies protocols and test procedures for the reproducible measurement of the peak spatial-average specific absorption rate (psSAR) induced inside a simplified model of the head or the body by radio-frequency (RF) transmitting devices, with a defined uncertainty. It provides requirements for systems using vector measurement-based systems. Such systems determine the psSAR by 3D field reconstruction within the volume of interest by specifying the requirements for the measurement system, calibration, uncertainty assessment and validation methods. The protocols and procedures apply for a significant majority of people including children during use of hand-held and bodyworn wireless communication devices.

This PAS is applicable to any wireless communication device intended to be used at a position near the human head or body at distances up to and including 200 mm. This PAS can be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices used next to the ear, in front of the face, mounted on the body, combined with other RF-transmitting or non-transmitting devices or accessories (e.g. belt-clip), or embedded in garments. The overall applicable frequency range is from 30 MHz to 6 GHz.

The system validation procedures provided within this PAS cover frequencies from 600 MHz to 6 GHz.

NOTE Some specifications (e.g., validation antennas and other procedures or requirements) are not yet defined over the full frequency range within the scope of this document but will be included in a future revision.

The device categories covered include but are not limited to mobile telephones, cordless microphones, auxiliary broadcast devices and radio transmitters in personal computers, desktop, laptop devices, multi-band, multi-antenna, and push-to-talk devices.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
9 FOREWORD
11 INTRODUCTION
12 1 Scope
2 Normative references
13 3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Overview of the measurement procedure
14 Figures
Figure 1 – Evaluation plan checklist
15 6 Measurement system specifications
6.1 General requirements
Tables
Table 1 – Evaluation plan checklist
17 6.2 Phantom specifications
6.2.1 Head Phantom specifications – shell
6.2.2 Body Phantom specifications – shell
6.2.3 Tissue-equivalent medium material properties
18 6.3 Hand and Device holder considerations
6.4 Measurement system requirements
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Single probe measurement system specifications
6.4.3 Array measurement system specifications
19 6.5 Device holder specification
20 6.6 Reconstruction algorithm and peak spatial-averaging specifications
7 Protocol for SAR assessment
7.1 Measurement preparation
7.1.1 Preparation of tissue-equivalent medium
Figure 2 – Illustration of the shape and orientation relative to a curved phantom surface of the distorted cubic volume for computing peak spatial-average SAR
21 7.1.2 System check
7.1.3 Preparation of the device under test
7.1.4 Operating modes
7.1.5 Position of the DUT in relation to the phantom
7.1.6 Positions of the DUT in relation to the flat phantom for large DUT
22 7.1.7 Test frequencies for DUT
Figure 3 – Measurements performed by shifting a large device over the efficient measurement area of the system including overlapping areas – in this case: 6 tests performed
23 7.2 Tests to be performed
24 7.3 General measurement procedure
7.3.1 Measurement procedure for single probe systems
7.3.2 Measurement procedure for array systems
7.4 SAR measurements for simultaneous transmission
7.4.1 SAR measurements for non-correlated signals
25 7.4.2 SAR measurements for correlated signals
26 8 Uncertainty estimation
8.1 General
27 8.2 Requirements on the uncertainty evaluation
8.3 Description of uncertainty models
29 Table 2 – Uncertainty budget template for the evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of the 1 g or 10 g psSAR to be carried out by the system manufacturer (N = normal, R = rectangular)
30 Table 3 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a DUT (N = normal, R = rectangular)
31 Table 4 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a validation antenna (N = normal, R = rectangular)
32 9 Measurement report
Table 5 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from the system check (N = normal, R = rectangular)
33 Annex A (normative) Phantom specifications
A.1 SAM phantom specifications
A.1.1 SAM phantom geometry
34 Figure A.1 – Illustration of dimensions in Table A.1 and Table A.2
35 Table A.1 – Dimensions used in deriving SAM phantom from theARMY 90th percentile male head data (Gordon et al.[61])
Table A.2 – Additional SAM dimensions compared with selected dimensions from the ARMY 90th-percentile male head data (Gordon et al. [61]) – Specialist head measurement section
36 Figure A.2 – Close up side view of phantom showing the ear region
Figure A.3 – Side view of the phantom showing relevant markings,dimensions are in mm
37 A.1.2 SAM Phantom shell
38 A.1.3 Tissue Equivalent Medium
Figure A.4 – Cross-sectional view of SAM at the reference plane
39 A.2 Flat phantom specifications
Figure A.5 – Sagittally bisected phantom with extended perimeter, used for single probe systems
40 A.3 Specific phantoms
Figure A.6 – Dimensions of the elliptical phantom
41 A.4 Tissue-equivalent medium
Table A.3 – Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium
42 Annex B (normative) Calibration and characterization of dosimetric probes
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Types of calibration
B.2.1 Amplitude calibration with analytical fields
43 B.2.2 Amplitude and phase calibration by transfer calibration
Table B.1 – Uncertainty analysis of single-probe calibration in waveguide
44 B.2.3 Amplitude and phase calibration using numerical reference
Table B.2 – Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems
46 Table B.3 – Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems
47 Annex C (informative) Field Reconstruction Techniques
C.1 Introduction
C.2 Objective of Field Reconstruction Techniques
C.3 Background
48 Figure C.1 – Coordinate system for 2D planar measurement-system
Figure C.2 – Generic configuration of SAR measurement system
49 C.4 Reconstruction Techniques
C.4.1 Expansion Techniques
50 C.4.2 Source Reconstruction Techniques
C.4.3 Source Base Function Decomposition
C.4.4 Phase Reconstruction
C.4.5 Other Approaches
Figure C.3 – Schematic representation of 2D planar measurement-based SAR system and its coordinate system
51 C.5 Source reconstruction and SAR estimation from fields measured outside the phantom
Figure C.4 – Source Reconstruction outside the phantom
52 Annex D (normative) SAR measurement system verification and validation
D.1 Introduction
D.1.1 Objectives and purpose of system check
D.1.2 Objectives of system validation
53 D.2 SAR measurement setup and procedure for system check and system validation
D.2.1 General
54 D.2.2 Power measurement setups
Figure D.1 – A Recommended power measurement setup for system check and system validation
55 D.2.3 Procedure to normalize the measured SAR
Figure D.2 – Equipment setup for measurement of forward power Pfc
56 Figure D.3 – Equipment setup for measuring the shorted reverse coupled power Prcs
Figure D.4 – Equipment setup for measuring the power with the Reference antenna connected
57 D.2.4 Power measurement uncertainty
58 D.3 System check
D.3.1 System check antennas and test conditions
D.3.2 System check acceptance criteria
59 D.4 System validation
D.4.1 Requirements for system validation antennas and test conditions
60 D.4.2 Test positions for system validation
Table D.1 – Modulations and multiplexing methods used by radio systems
61 Figure D.5 – System check and validation locations for the flat phantom for minimal device specs (the minimal L and W shall be 160 mm x 80 mm)
62 Figure D.6 – System check and validation locations for the head phantom
63 D.4.3 System validation procedure based on peak spatial-average SAR
Figure D.7 – Definition of rotation angles for dipoles
64 Table D.2a – Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for the flat phantom filled with tissue simulating material for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1
66 Table D.2b – Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for antenna generating two peaks on the flat phantom filled with tissue simulating material for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1
67 Table D.3a – Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values on the head left and right phantom for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1
71 Table D.3b – Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for antenna generating two peaks on the head left and right phantom for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1
72 D.4.4 Validation acceptance criteria
73 Annex E (informative) Interlaboratory comparisons
E.1 Purpose
E.2 Monitor laboratory
E.3 Phantom set-up
E.4 Reference devices
E.5 Power set-up
74 E.6 Interlaboratory comparison – Procedure
75 Annex F (normative) Validation antennas
F.1 Introduction
F.2 Standard dipole antenna
76 Table F.1 – Mechanical dimensions of the reference dipoles
77 F.3 VPIFA
Figure F.1 – Mechanical details of the standard dipole
79 Figure F.2 – VPIFA validation antenna
80 Figure F.3 – Masks for positioning VPIFAs
81 Table F.2 – Dimensions for VPIFA antennas at different frequencies
Table F.3 – Electric properties for the dielectric layers for VPIFA antennas
82 F.4 2-PEAK CPIFA
84 Figure F.4 – Peak CPIFA at 2450 MHz
Figure F.5 – Tuning structure and matching structure
85 F.5 Additional antennas
Table F.4 – Thickness of substrates and planar metallization
Table F.5 – Dielectric properties for FR4
Table F.6 – Lengths for the different components
87 Annex G (normative) Calibration of Reference Antennas
G.1 Introduction
88 G.2 Parameters or quantities and ranges to be determined by calibration method
G.3 Reference Antenna Calibration Setup
Figure G.1 – Measurement setup for waveguide calibration of dosimetric probe, and similar setup (same tissue-equivalent liquid, dielectric spacer, power sensors and coupler) for antenna calibration
89 G.4 Reference Antenna Calibration procedure
G.4.1 Verification of Return Loss
G.4.2 Calibration of Reference Antennas: Step-by-Step Procedure
Figure G.2 – Setup for calibration of a reference antenna
90 G.4.3 Uncertainty Budget of Reference Antenna Calibration
92 Table G.1 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (DIPOLE) calibration for 1g and 10g averaged SAR (750 MHz – 3 GHz)
93 Table G.2 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna calibration (PIFA) for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz – 3 GHz)
94 Table G.3 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (DIPOLE) calibration for 1g and 10g averaged SAR (3 – 6 GHz)
95 Annex H (normative) General considerations on uncertainty estimation
H.1 Concept of uncertainty estimation
96 H.2 Type A and Type B evaluation
H.3 Degrees of freedom and coverage factor
97 H.4 Combined and expanded uncertainties
98 H.5 Analytical reference functions
100 Table H.1 – Parameters of analytical reference functions and associated reference peak 10g SAR value. Reference peak 1g SAR value is 1 W/kg for every function
101 Annex I (normative) Evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty
I.1 Measuring system uncertainties to be specified by the manufacturer
I.1.1 Calibration CF
I.1.2 Vector probe or vector probe-array isotropy ISO
102 I.1.3 Mutual sensor coupling MSC
I.1.4 Scattering within the array AS
104 I.1.5 System linearity LIN
I.1.6 Sensitivity limit SL
I.1.7 Boundary effect BE
105 I.1.8 Readout electronics RE
I.1.9 Response time RT
I.1.10 Probe positioning PP
106 I.1.11 Sampling error SE
107 I.1.12 Array boundaries AB
I.1.13 Phantom shell PS
108 I.1.14 Tissue-equivalent material parameters MAT
110 I.1.15 Phantom Homogeneity HOM
I.2 Uncertainty of post-processing algorithms
I.2.1 Introduction
I.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC
111 I.2.3 Impact of noise on interpolation and extrapolation POL
I.2.4 SAR Averaging SAV
I.2.5 SAR scaling SARS
I.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC
113 I.3 Measuring system errors which are dependent on the DUT
I.3.1 Introduction
I.3.2 Probe or probe-array coupling with the DUT PAC
114 I.3.3 Modulation Response MOD
I.3.4 Integration time IT
I.3.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN
115 Figure I.1 – Illustration of the SAR measurements during 8 hours and the centered moving average
116 I.4 DUT-related errors or validation antenna related errors and environmental factors
I.4.1 Device holder DH
117 I.4.2 Device Positioning DP
I.4.3 Measured SAR drift SD
I.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC
I.4.5 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI
118 I.4.6 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX
I.4.7 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS
119 Bibliography

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BSI PD IEC/PAS 63151:2018
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