{"id":176188,"date":"2024-10-19T10:55:43","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T10:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ashrae-standard-140-2017\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T03:09:20","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T03:09:20","slug":"ashrae-standard-140-2017","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ashrae\/ashrae-standard-140-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"ASHRAE Standard 140 2017"},"content":{"rendered":"

Standard 140 specifies a standard method of test for evaluating the technical capabilities and applicability of software used in calculating the thermal performance of buildings and their HVAC systems. These test procedures can be used to identify and diagnose predictive differences from whole-building energy simulation software that may be caused by algorithmic differences, modeling limitations, faulty coding, inadequate documentation, or input errors. The current set of tests focuses on building thermal envelope and fabric loads and HVAC equipment performance and includes 1. comparative tests, in which a program’s results may be compared to a different version of itself or to the results of other programs, and 2. analytical verification tests, in which a program’s results may be compared to analytical, quasi-analytical, or verified numerical model solutions. This procedure tests software over a broad range of parametric interactions and for a number of different output types, thus minimizing the concealment of algorithmic differences by compensating errors. Different building energy simulation programs, representing different degrees of modeling complexity, can be tested. However, some of the tests may be incompatible with some building energy simulation programs. The revised 2017 edition of Standard 140 includes all the test cases of Standard 140-2014 and adds a set of analytical verification test cases for evaluating air-side HVAC equipment models.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nANSI\/ASHRAE Standard 140-2017 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n1. PURPOSE
2. SCOPE
3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND ACRONYMS
3.1 Terms Defined for This Standard <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n3.2 Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in this Standard <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n3.3 Subscripts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n4. METHODS OF TESTING
4.1 General. The test procedures shall be applied as specified in Normative Sections 5 through 8. Content of the normative sections and organization of the test procedures are described in Sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 below and in greater detail in Infor…
4.1.1 Class I Test Cases. The Class I test cases are detailed diagnostic tests for simulation software capable of hourly or subhourly simulation time steps. The requirements for these test cases are specified in Section 5. Section 6 includes the outp…
4.1.2 Class II Test Cases. The Class II test cases are for all types of building load calculation methods regardless of time- step granularity. The requirements for these test cases are specified in Section 7. Section 8 includes the output requiremen…
4.1.3 Normative Annexes. The normative annexes to this standard are considered to be integral parts of the mandatory requirements of this standard, which, for reasons of convenience, are placed apart from all other normative elements.
4.1.4 Informative Annexes. The informative annexes and informative notes located within this standard contain additional information and are not mandatory or part of this standard.
4.2 Applicability of Test Method. The method of test is provided for analyzing and diagnosing building energy simulation software using software-to-software, software-to- analytical-solution, software-to-quasi-analytical-solution, and software-to-ver…
4.3 Organization of Test Cases. The specifications for determining test case configurations and input values are provided on a case-by-case basis in Section 5 and Section 7. The test cases are divided into two separate test classes to satisfy various… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n4.3.1 Class I Test Procedures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n4.3.2 Class II Test Procedures
4.4 Comparing Output to Other Results. For Class I test procedures,
4.4.1 Criteria for Determining Agreement between Results. The requirements of the normative sections of Standard 140 ensure that users follow the specified method of test and that test results are provided as specified. There are no formal criteria f…
4.4.2 Diagnostic Logic for Determining Causes of Differences among Results. To help the user identify what algorithm in the tested program is causing specific differences between programs, diagnostic flow charts are provided as Informative Annex B9. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n5. CLASS I TEST PROCEDURES
5.1 Modeling Approach. This modeling approach shall apply to all of the test cases presented in Section 5.
5.1.1 Time Convention. All references to \u201ctime\u201d in this specification are to local standard time and assume that hour 1 = the interval from midnight to 1 a.m. Daylight savings time or holidays shall not be used for scheduling.
5.1.2 Geometry Convention. If the program being tested includes the thickness of walls in a three-dimensional (3D) definition of the building geometry, then wall, roof, and floor thicknesses shall be defined such that the interior air volume of the b…
5.1.3 Nonapplicable Inputs. If the specification includes input values that do not apply to the input structure of the program being tested, disregard the nonapplicable inputs and continue.
5.1.4 Consistent Modeling Methods. Where options exist within a simulation program for modeling a specific thermal behavior, consistent modeling methods shall be used for all cases. The option that is used shall be documented in the Standard Output R…
5.1.5 Equivalent Modeling Methods. Where a program or specific model within a program does not allow direct input of specified values, or where input of specified values causes instabilities in a program\u2019s calculations, modelers shall develop equiv…
5.1.6 Use of Nonspecified Inputs. Use of nonspecified inputs shall be permitted only for the following specified sections relating to the following topics:
5.1.7 Simulation Initialization and Preconditioning. If the program being tested allows for preconditioning (iterative simulation of an initial time period until temperatures, fluxes, loads, or all of these, stabilize at initial values), that capabil…
5.1.8 Simulation Duration
5.1.9 Rules for Modifying Simulation Programs or Simulation Inputs. Modifications to simulation programs or simulation inputs shall have a mathematical, physical, or logical basis and shall be applied consistently across tests. Arbitrary modification…
Section 5 Figures
Section 5 Tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n5.2 Input Specifications for Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests
5.2.1 Case 600: Base Case. Begin with Case 600. Case 600 shall be modeled as specified in this section and its subsections.
Figure 5-1 Isometric south windows\u2014unshaded (Case 600). <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nTable 5-1 Material Specifications Lightweight Case <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nTable 5-2 Infiltration Rates Depending on the Presence of Automatic Altitude Adjustment
Table 5-3 Opaque Surface Radiative Properties, Case 600
Table 5-4 Exterior Combined Surface Coefficient Versus Surface Texture, Case 600
Table 5-5 Interior Combined Surface Coefficient Versus Surface Orientation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nTable 5-6 Window Properties
Table 5-7 Angular Dependence of Optical Properties for the Double-Pane Window*
Table 5-8 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 600 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n5.2.2 Basic Tests. The basic tests shall be modeled as specified in this section and its subsections.
Figure 5-2 Section of south window overhang (Case 610). <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nFigure 5-3 East and west window (Case 620).
Figure 5-4 East and west window shading (Case 630).
Figure 5-5 Isometric east and west window shading (Case 630).
Informative Table 5-9 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 620 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nTable 5-10 Vent Fan Capacity, Depending on the Presence of Automatic Altitude Adjustment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nTable 5-11 Material Specification Heavyweight Case <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nFigure 5-6 Sunspace plan and section (Case 960). <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n5.2.3 In-Depth Tests. The in-depth tests shall be modeled as detailed in this section and the following subsections. The in-depth tests include Cases 195 through 320, 395 through 440, 800, and 810. The proper base case for developing the various in-d…
Table 5-12 Thermal and Physical Properties of the Sun-Zone\/Back-Zone Common Wall (Case 960)
Table 5-13 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 960, Sun Zone <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\nFigure 5-7 Base cases for in-depth cases.
Table 5-14 Base Cases for In-Depth Cases
Table 5-15 Opaque Surface Radiative Properties, Case 220 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\nTable 5-16 High-Conductance Wall Properties
Table 5-17 Interior Combined Surface Coefficient Versus Surface Orientation, Case 210
Table 5-18 Exterior Combined Surface Coefficient Versus Surface Texture, Case 215 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nTable 5-19 Infiltration Rates Depending on the Presence of Automatic Altitude Adjustment, Case 230
Table 5-20 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 270
Table 5-21 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 280 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\nTable 5-22 Interior Solar Distribution Fractions by Surface, Case 300 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n5.2.4 Ground-Coupled Slab-on-Grade Analytical Verification Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nFigure 5-8 Case GC30b conceptual schematic diagram, including boundary conditions and soil dimensions. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nFigure 5-9 Case GC30b floor slab and conditioned zone adiabatic wall dimensions.
Figure 5-10 Case GC30b slab edge detail. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nTable 5-23 Case GC30b Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nTable 5-24 Case GC45b Slab Dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nFigure 5-11 Case GC50b dimensions and below-grade boundary conditions.
Table 5-25 Case GC50b Input Parameters
Table 5-26 Case GC55b Deep-Ground Boundary Depth
Table 5-27 Case GC60b Interior Convective Surface Coefficient <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\nTable 5-28 Case GC65b Interior and Exterior Convective Surface Coefficients <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nFigure 5-12 Case GC10a plan view of the floor geometry.
Table 5-29 Case GC10a Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\nTable 5-30 Case GC30a Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nTable 5-31 Case GC30c Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nTable 5-32 Case GC45c Slab Dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n5.3 Input Specification for Space-Cooling Equipment Performance Tests
5.3.1 Case CE100: Base-Case Building and Mechanical System for Analytical Verification Tests. Case CE100 shall be the first case modeled in Section 5.3.
Figure 5-13 HVAC BESTEST Case CE100: Near-adiabatic envelope geometry.
Table 5-33 Case GC55c Deep-Ground Boundary Depth <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\nTable 5-34 Material Specifications Case CE100 (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\nTable 5-35 Material Specifications Case CE100 (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\nTable 5-36 Opaque Surface Radiative Properties
Table 5-37 Interior Combined Surface Coefficient versus Surface Orientation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nFigure 5-14 Unitary split air-conditioning system consisting of an air-cooled condensing unit and indoor evaporator coil. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nTable 5-38 Equipment Full-Load Performancea (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nTable 5-39 Equipment Full-Load Performancea (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\nTable 5-40 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Gross Capacitiesa (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nTable 5-41 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Gross Capacitiesa (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\nTable 5-42 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Adjusted Net Capacitiesa (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nTable 5-43 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Adjusted Net Capacitiesa (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nInformative Table 5-44 Determination of Maximum Dry-Coil EWB Using Interpolation*
Informative Table 5-45 Determination of Maximum Dry-Coil EWB Using Extrapolation* <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\nFigure 5-15 Cooling equipment part-load performance (COP degradation factor versus PLR). <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n5.3.2 Space-Cooling Equipment Performance Parameter Variation Analytical Verification Tests
Figure 5-16 Evaporator coil overall dimensions.
Figure 5-17 Evaporator coil detail, tube and fin geometry. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n5.3.3 Case CE300: Comparative Test Base-Case Building and Mechanical System. Case CE300 shall be modeled as detailed in this section and its subsections. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nFigure 5-18 HVAC BESTEST Case CE300: Near-adiabatic envelope geometry. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nTable 5-46 Material Specifications Case CE300 (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\nTable 5-47 Material Specifications Case CE300 (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\nTable 5-48 Case CE300 Hourly Internal Gains Schedule (SI and I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nFigure 5-19 Unitary split air-conditioning system consisting of an air-cooled condensing unit and indoor evaporator coil, and with an outdoor-air mixing system. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nTable 5-49 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Gross Capacities (SI Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\nTable 5-50 Equipment Full-Load Performance with Gross Capacities (I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n5.3.4 Space-Cooling Equipment Performance Comparative Tests. Sequential variations shall be modeled as specified in the following subsections.
Informative Table 5-51 Determination of Maximum Dry-Coil EWB Using Extrapolation (SI Units)*
Informative Table 5-52 Determination of Maximum Dry-Coil EWB Using Extrapolation (I-P Units)* <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\nTable 5-53 Case CE310 Hourly Internal Gains Schedule (SI and I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\nTable 5-54 Case CE360 Hourly Internal Gains Schedule (SI and I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\nTable 5-55 Case CE500 Hourly Internal Gains Schedule (SI and I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n5.4 Input Specification for Space-Heating Equipment Performance Tests. Cases HE100 through HE230 shall be modeled as specified in this section and its subsections.
5.4.1 Case HE100: Base-Case Building and Mechanical Systems. Case HE100 shall be the first case modeled as detailed in this section and its subsections.
Table 5-56 Case CE510 Hourly Internal Gains Schedule (SI and I-P Units) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nFigure 5-20 Base-case building with heat transfer surface.
Table 5-57 Material Specifications for Base Case <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\nFigure 5-21 Base-case building with all surfaces near- adiabatic.
Table 5-58 Material Specifications for Alternative Method Base Case <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n5.4.2 Space-Heating Equipment Performance Analytical Verification Tests
Figure 5-22 Part-load factor curve. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n5.4.3 Space-Heating Equipment Performance Comparative Tests. These tests shall be modeled as specified in the following subsections.
Figure 5-23 Temperature varying sinusoidally from +20\u00b0C to \u201320\u00b0C over a 24-hour period. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n5.5 Input Specification for Air-Side HVAC Equipment Analytical Verification Tests
5.5.1 Four-Pipe Fan-Coil (FC) System Cases (AE100 Series). The ability to model a four-pipe fan-coil (FC) system shall be tested as described in this section.
Figure 5-24 Setback temperatures over a 24-hour period. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nFigure 5-25 Four-pipe fan-coil (FC) system schematic. Informative Note: Valves indicated are for a typical hydronic system and are not explicitly required by the test specification. Coils can be of any type as long as they meet the operational requir… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nTable 5-59 Case AE101 System and Zone Airflows <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nTable 5-60 Case AE101 Zone Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nFigure 5-26 Alternate specification zone geometry.
Table 5-61 Case AE101 Component Construction\u2014Roof, Wall, and Floor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nTable 5-62 Case AE101 Ambient Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\nTable 5-63 Case AE103 Input Parameters
Table 5-64 Case AE103 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n5.5.2 Single-Zone (SZ) Air System Cases (AE200 Series). The ability to model a single-zone (SZ) air system shall be tested as described in this section.
Table 5-65 Case AE104 Input Parameters
Table 5-66 Case AE104 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nFigure 5-27 Single-zone (SZ) system schematic. Informative Note: Valves indicated are for a typical hydronic system and are not explicitly required by the test specification. Coils may be of any type as long as they meet the operational requirements … <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nTable 5-67 Case AE201 System and Zone Airflows <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nTable 5-68 Case AE203 Input Parameters
Table 5-69 Case AE203 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nTable 5-70 Case AE204 Input Parameters
Table 5-71 Case AE204 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nTable 5-72 Case AE205 Input Parameters
Table 5-73 Case AE205 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters
Table 5-74 Case AE206 Input Parameters
Table 5-75 Case AE206 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\n5.5.3 Constant-Volume (CV) Terminal Reheat System Cases (AE300 Series). The ability to model a CV terminal reheat air system serving multiple zones shall be tested as described in this section. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nFigure 5-28 Constant-volume (CV) terminal reheat system schematic. Informative Note: Valves indicated are for a typical hydronic system and are not explicitly required by the test specification. Coils can be of any type as long as they meet the opera… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nTable 5-76 Case AE301 System and Zone Airflows <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nTable 5-77 Case AE301 Zone Loads
Table 5-78 Case AE301 Supplementary Internal Gains for Alternate Load Specification
Table 5-79 Case AE301 Zone Air Temperature
Table 5-80 Case AE301 Ambient Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\nTable 5-81 Case AE303 Input Parameters
Table 5-82 Case AE303 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\nTable 5-83 Case AE304 Input Parameters
Table 5-84 Case AE304 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nTable 5-85 Case AE305 Input Parameters
Table 5-86 Case AE305 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nTable 5-87 Case AE306 Input Parameters
Table 5-88 Case AE306 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\n5.5.4 Variable-Air-Volume Terminal Reheat (VAV) System Cases (AE400 Series). The ability to model a variable- air-volume (VAV) air system with zone reheat serving multiple zones shall be tested as described in this section. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\nFigure 5-29 Variable-air-volume terminal reheat (VAV) system schematic. Informative Note: Valves indicated are for a typical hydronic system and are not explicitly required by the test specification. Coils can be of any type as long as they meet the … <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nTable 5-89 Case AE401 System Airflow Rates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nTable 5-90 Case AE403 Input Parameters
Table 5-91 Case AE403 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\nTable 5-92 Case AE404 Input Parameters
Table 5-93 Case AE404 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nTable 5-94 Case AE405 Input Parameters
Table 5-95 Case AE405 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\nTable 5-96 Case AE406 Input Parameters
Table 5-97 Case AE406 Alternate Zone Definition Input Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n6. CLASS I OUTPUT REQUIREMENTS
6.1 Reporting Results
6.1.1 Standard Output Reports. The standard output reports included on the accompanying electronic media shall be used. Instructions regarding these reports are included in Normative Annex A2. Information required for this report includes the following:
6.1.2 Simulation Input Files. All supporting data required for generating results with the tested software shall be saved, including the following:
6.1.3 Omitted Test Cases. If a program being tested omits a test case, the modeler shall provide an explanation of the omission using the modeler report template provided in Normative Annex A2.
6.1.4 Discussion of Anomalous Results. Explanation of anomalous test results using the modeler report template provided in Normative Annex A2 shall be permitted but is not required.
6.2 Output Requirements for Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load and Ground-Coupled Slab-on-Grade Tests of Section 5.2. Required output shall be as specified in the sections below.
6.2.1 Output Requirements for Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests of Sections 5.2.1, 5.2.2, and 5.2.3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n6.2.2 Output for Ground-Coupled Slab-on-Grade Analytical Verification Tests of Section 5.2.4
Table 6-1 Daily Hourly Output Requirements for Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests of Sections 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\nTable 6-2 x and y Coordinates of Near-Surface Temperature Outputs
Figure 6-1 Conceptual plan view of near-surface temperature outputs. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\n6.3 Output Requirements for Space-Cooling Equipment Performance Tests of Section 5.3. Required output shall be as specified in the sections below. See Section 3 for definitions of terms used below.
6.3.1 Analytical Verification Tests of Sections 5.3.1 and 5.3.2. The outputs listed immediately below shall include loads or consumptions (as appropriate) for the entire month of February (the second month in the weather data sets). <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\n6.3.2 Comparative Tests of Sections 5.3.3 and 5.3.4 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\n6.4 Output Requirements for Space-Heating Equipment Performance Tests of Section 5.4. The values listed below shall be provided and entered into the appropriate standard output report; see Sec5-4out.xls included with the accompanying electronic media…
6.4.1 All Cases HE100 through HE170, HE210 through HE230
6.4.2 Cases with Fan: HE150 through HE170 and HE210 through HE230
6.4.3 Cases with More Complex Controls: HE210 through HE230
6.5 Output Requirements for Air-Side HVAC Equipment Performance Tests of Section 5.5. Outputs that are not direct program outputs shall be described in the output spreadsheet and modeler report using S140outNotes.txt (under report Block B, Alternativ… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\n6.5.1 Output Requirements for AE100 Series Cases. Output results specified in this section shall be reported in the output spreadsheet (\u201cSec5-5out.XLSX\u201d) provided with the accompanying electronic media, using the nomenclature and units specified …
6.5.2 Output Requirements for AE200 Series Cases. Output results specified in this section shall be reported in the output spreadsheet (\u201cSec5-5out.XLSX\u201d) provided with the accompanying electronic media, using the nomenclature and units specified …
6.5.3 Output Requirements for AE300 Series Cases. Output results specified in this section shall be reported in the output spreadsheet (\u201cSec5-5out.XLSX\u201d) provided with the accompanying electronic media, using the nomenclature and units specified … <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\n6.5.4 Output Requirements for AE400 Series Cases. Output results specified in this section shall be reported in the output spreadsheet (\u201cSec5-5out.XLSX\u201d) provided with the accompanying electronic media, using the nomenclature and units specified … <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
132<\/td>\n7. CLASS II TEST PROCEDURES
7.1 Modeling Approach. This modeling approach shall apply to all the test cases presented in Section 7.2.
7.1.1 Time Convention. All references to time in this specification are to local standard time and assume that hour 1 = the interval from midnight to 1 a.m. Daylight savings time or holidays shall not be used for scheduling.
7.1.2 Geometry Convention. If the program being tested includes the thickness of walls in a three-dimensional definition of the building geometry, then wall, roof, and floor thicknesses shall be defined such that the interior air volume of the buildi…
7.1.3 Nonapplicable Inputs. In some instances, the specification will include input values that do not apply to the input structure of the program being tested. When this occurs, disregard the nonapplicable inputs and continue.
7.1.4 Consistent Modeling Methods. Where options exist within a simulation program for modeling a specific physical behavior, consistent modeling methods shall be used for all cases. The option used shall be documented in the Standard Output Report (…
7.1.5 Equivalent Modeling Methods. Where a program or\u00a0 specific model within a program\u00a0 does not allow direct input of specified values, or where input of specified values causes instabilities in a program\u2019s calculations, modelers shall develop e…
7.1.6 Simulation Initialization and Preconditioning. If the program being tested allows, the simulation initialization process shall begin with zone air conditions that equal the outside air conditions. If the program being tested allows for precondi…
7.1.7 Simulation Duration Results for the tests of Section 7.2 shall be taken either from full annual simulations or from seasonal simulations as allowed by the program being tested.
7.1.8 Rules for Modifying Simulation Programs or Simulation Inputs. Modifications to simulation programs or simulation inputs shall have a mathematical, physical, or logical basis and shall be applied consistently across tests. Arbitrary modification…
7.1.9 Example Acceptance-Range Criteria. Use of informative example acceptance-range criteria provided in Informative Annex B22 shall be permitted but is not mandatory. Where application of the criteria leads to identification of a disagreeing result…
7.2 Input Specifications. The test cases shall be modeled as specified in this section.
7.2.1 The Base-Case Building (Case L100A). Begin with Case L100A. Case L100A shall be modeled as detailed in this section and its subsections.
Section 7 Figures
Section 7 Tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\n7.2.2 Tier 1 Test Cases. The Tier 1 test cases shall be modeled exactly as the designated base-case model with revisions as specified in this section. The designated base-case model shall be Case L100A except for the following: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\n7.2.3 Tier 2 Test Cases. Tier 2 test cases shall be modeled exactly as the designated base-case model except as specified in this section. Case L165A shall be based on Tier 1 Case L160A, and Case P100A shall be based on Tier 1 Case L120A. Case P100A … <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\nFigure 7-1 Base-building axonometric.
Figure 7-2 Floor plan\u2014Case L100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\nFigure 7-3 East side elevation\u2014Case L100A.
Figure 7-4 Exterior wall plan section\u2014Case L100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\nFigure 7-5 Raised floor exposed to air, section\u2014Case L100A.
Figure 7-6 Ceiling\/attic\/roof section\u2014Case L100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
146<\/td>\nFigure 7-7 Interior wall plan section\u2014Case L100A.
Figure 7-8 Window detail, vertical slider (NFRC AA) with 2 3\/4 in. wide frame\u2014Case L100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\nFigure 7-9 Exterior wall plan section\u2014Case L120A.
Figure 7-10 Ceiling section\u2014Case L120A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\nFigure 7-11 Floor plan, exterior wall and south window locations\u2014Case L150A.
Figure 7-12 South wall elevation\u2014Case L 150A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\nFigure 7-13 South overhang\u2014Case L155A.
Figure 7-14 Example model of south wall for simulating south overhang effect in Case L155A. Informative Note: Figure 7-14 is informative material. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\nFigure 7-15 East and west window locations\u2014Case L160A.
Figure 7-16 East\/west wall elevation\u2014Case L160A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nFigure 7-17 Exterior wall plan section\u2014Case L200A.
Figure 7-18 Raised floor exposed to air, section\u2014Case L200A.
Figure 7-19 Ceiling section\u2014Case L200A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\nFigure 7-20 Uninsulated slab-on-grade, section\u2014Case L302A.
Figure 7-21 Slab on grade with foundation wall exterior insulation, section\u2014Case L304A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\nFigure 7-22 Basement series base building, section and plan. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\nFigure 7-23 Basement wall and floor section\u2014Case L322A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
155<\/td>\nFigure 7-24 Insulated basement wall-plan section\u2014Case L324A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\nFigure 7-25 Insulated basement wall-plan section\u2014Case L324A.
Figure 7-26 Overhang and fins for east and west windows\u2014Case L165A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\nFigure 7-27 Overhang and fins for east and west windows alternate arrangement\u2014Case L165A. Informative Note: Figure 7-27 is informative material. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
158<\/td>\nFigure 7-28 Window, door, and mass wall locations\u2014Case P100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\nFigure 7-29 Mass raised floor exposed to air, section\u2014Case P100A.
Figure 7-30 Interior mass wall section\u2014Case P100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\nFigure 7-31 Window detail, vertical slider 30 in. wide by 78 in. high with 2 3\/4 in. frame\u2014Case P100A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
161<\/td>\nFigure 7-32 South overhang\u2014Case P105A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
162<\/td>\nFigure 7-33 Example model of south wall for simulating south overhang effect in Case P105A. Informative Note: Figure 7-33 is informative material.
Figure 7-34 Raised floor exposed to air, section\u2014Case P110A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\nFigure 7-35 Window locations\u2014Case P150A. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\nTable 7-1 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\nTable 7-2 Other Building Details\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\nTable 7-3 Component Surface Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\nTable 7-4 Material Descriptions Exterior Wall, Door, Window\u2014CaseL100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
168<\/td>\nTable 7-5 Material Descriptions, Raised Floor Exposed to Air\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
169<\/td>\nTable 7-6 Material Descriptions, Ceiling, Attic, and Roof\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\nTable 7-7 Material Descriptions, Ceiling\/Attic\/Roof, Attic as Material Layer\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\nTable 7-8 Material Descriptions, Interior Wall\u2014Case L100A
Table 7-9 Internal Loads Schedule\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\nTable 7-10 Window Summary, Single-Pane Aluminum Frame with Thermal Breaks\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
173<\/td>\nTable 7-11 Glazing Summary, Single-Pane Center-of-Glass (COG) Values\u2014Case L100A
Table 7-12 Optical Properties as a Function of Incidence Angle for Single-Pane Glazing\u2014Case L100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\nTable 7-13 Conditioned Zone Infiltration for Case L110A
Table 7-14 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L120A
Table 7-15 Component Surface Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case L120A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\nTable 7-16 Material Descriptions, Exterior Wall\u2014Case L120A
Table 7-17 Material Descriptions, Ceiling\u2014Case L120A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176<\/td>\nTable 7-18 Material Descriptions for Attic as Material Layer\u2014Case L120A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\nTable 7-19 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L130A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\nTable 7-20 Window Summary (Double-Pane, Low-E, Argon Fill, Wood Frame, Insulated Spacer)\u2014Case L130A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
179<\/td>\nTable 7-21 Glazing Summary, Low-E Glazing System with Argon Gas Fill (Center-of-Glass [COG] Values)\u2014Case L130A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180<\/td>\nTable 7-22 Optical Properties as a Function of Incidence Angle for Low-Emissivity Double-Pane Glazing\u2014Case L130A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
181<\/td>\nTable 7-23 Component Solar Fractions\u2014Case L130A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
182<\/td>\nTable 7-24 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L140A
Table 7-25 Component Surface Areas\u2014Case L140A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\nTable 7-26 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L150A
Table 7-27 Surface Component Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case L150A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
184<\/td>\nTable 7-28 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L160A
Table 7-29 Surface Component Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case L160A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\nTable 7-30 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L200A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
186<\/td>\nTable 7-31 Material Descriptions, Exterior Wall\u2014Case L200A
Table 7-32 Material Descriptions, Raised Floor Exposed to Air\u2014Case L200A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
187<\/td>\nTable 7-33 Material Description, Ceiling\u2014Case L200A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
188<\/td>\nTable 7-34 Material Descriptions, Ceiling with Attic as Material Layer\u2014Case L200A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\nTable 7-35 Building Thermal Summary\u2014L302A
Table 7-36 Material Descriptions, Slab-on-Grade Floor\u2014Case L302A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
190<\/td>\nTable 7-37 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L304A
Table 7-38 Material Descriptions, Slab-on-Grade Floor\u2014Case L304A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\nTable 7-39 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L322A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
192<\/td>\nTable 7-40 Basement Component Surface Areas\u2014Case L322A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
193<\/td>\nTable 7-41 Material Descriptions, Basement Wall\u2014Case L322A
Table 7-42 Material Descriptions, Basement Floor\u2014Case L322A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\nTable 7-43 Material Descriptions, Interior Main Floor\/Basement Ceiling\u2014Case L322A
Table 7-44 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case L324A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
195<\/td>\nTable 7-45 Component Surface Areas\u2014Case L324A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\nTable 7-46 Material Descriptions, Basement Wall\u2014Case L324A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\nTable 7-47 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case P100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\nTable 7-48 Component Surface Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case P100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\nTable 7-49 Material Descriptions, Raised Floor Exposed to Air\u2014Case P100A
Table 7-50 Material Descriptions, Interior Mass Wall\u2014Case P100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nTable 7-51 Window Summary, Double-Pane, Clear, Wood-Frame Window\u2014Case P100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\nTable 7-52 Glazing Summary, Clear Double-Pane Center-of-Glass Values\u2014Case P100A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
202<\/td>\nTable 7-53 Optical Properties as a Function of Incidence Angle for Clear Double-Pane Glazing\u2014Case P100A
Table 7-54 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case P110A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
203<\/td>\nTable 7-55 Component Surface Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case P110A
Table 7-56 Material Descriptions, Raised Floor Exposed to Air\u2014Case P110A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
204<\/td>\nTable 7-57 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case P140A
Table 7-58 Component Surface Areas\u2014Case P140A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
205<\/td>\nTable 7-59 Building Thermal Summary\u2014Case P150A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\nTable 7-60 Component Surface Areas and Solar Fractions\u2014Case P150A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
207<\/td>\n8. CLASS II OUTPUT REQUIREMENTS
8.1 Reporting Results
8.1.1 Standard Output Reports. The standard output reports included on the accompanying electronic media shall be used. Instructions regarding these reports are included in Normative Annex A2. Information required for this report includes the following:
8.1.2 Simulation Input Files. All supporting data required for generating results with the tested software shall be saved, including the following:
8.1.3 Omitted Test Cases. If a program being tested omits a test case, the modeler shall provide an explanation using the modeler report template provided in Normative Annex A2.
8.1.4 Discussion of Anomalous Results. Explanation of anomalous test results using the modeler report template provided in Normative Annex A2 shall be permitted but is not required.
8.2 Output Requirements for Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests of Section 7.2. All results shall be entered into the appropriate standard output report (see Normative Annex A2) as specified below.
8.2.1 Tier 1 Tests. For the Tier 1 tests, generate output for comparison to the example results as shown in Table 8-1. Seasonal results shall be for heating and cooling seasons for the entire year or some other reasonable length as defined by the too…
8.2.2 Tier 2 Tests. For the Tier 2 tests, generate output for comparison to the example results as shown in Table 8-2. Seasonal results shall be for heating and cooling seasons for the entire year or some other reasonable length as defined by the too… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
208<\/td>\nTable 8-1 HERS BESTEST Tier 1 Output Requirements
Table 8-2 HERS BESTEST Tier 2 Output Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
209<\/td>\nNORMATIVE ANNEX A1\u2014WEATHER DATA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nNORMATIVE ANNEX A2\u2014STANDARD OUTPUT REPORTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B1\u2014TABULAR SUMMARY OF TEST CASES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
248<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B2\u2014ABOUT TYPICAL METEOROLOGICAL YEAR (TMY) WEATHER DATA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B3\u2014INFILTRATION AND FAN ADJUSTMENTS FOR ALTITUDE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B4\u2014EXTERIOR COMBINED RADIATIVE AND CONVECTIVE SURFACE COEFFICIENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B5\u2014INFRARED PORTION OF FILM COEFFICIENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B6\u2014INCIDENT-ANGLE-DEPENDENT WINDOW OPTICAL PROPERTY CALCULATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
257<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B7\u2014DETAILED CALCULATION OF SOLAR FRACTIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
262<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B8\u2014EXAMPLE RESULTS FOR BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE AND FABRIC LOAD AND GROUND-COUPLED SLAB-ON-GRADE TESTS OF SECTION 5.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
270<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B9\u2014DIAGNOSING THE RESULTS USING THE FLOW DIAGRAMS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
280<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B10\u2014INSTRUCTIONS FOR WORKING WITH RESULTS SPREADSHEETS PROVIDED WITH THE STANDARD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B11\u2014PRODUCTION OF EXAMPLE RESULTS FOR BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE AND FABRIC LOAD AND GROUND-COUPLED SLAB-ON-GRADE TESTS OF SECTION 5.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B12\u2014TEMPERATURE BIN CONVERSION PROGRAM <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B13\u2014COP DEGRADATION FACTOR (CDF) AS A FUNCTION OF PART-LOAD RATIO (PLR) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
296<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B14\u2014COOLING-COIL BYPASS FACTOR <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
299<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B15\u2014INDOOR FAN DATA EQUIVALENCE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B16\u2014ANALYTICAL AND QUASI-ANALYTICAL SOLUTION RESULTS AND EXAMPLE SIMULATION RESULTS FOR HVAC EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE TESTS of Sections 5.3, 5.4, and 5.5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
313<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B17\u2014PRODUCTION OF ANALYTICAL AND QUASI-ANALYTICAL SOLUTION RESULTS AND EXAMPLE SIMULATION RESULS FOR HVAC EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE TESTS OF SECTIONS 5.3, 5.4, AND 5.5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
326<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B18\u2014ALTERNATIVE SECTION 7 GROUND COUPLING ANALYSIS CASE DESCRIPTIONS FOR DEVELOPING ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE RESULTS FOR CASES L302B, L304B, L322B, AND L324B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
330<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B19\u2014DISTRIBUTION OF SOLAR RADIATION IN THE SECTION 7 PASSIVE SOLAR BASE CASE (P100A) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
332<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B20\u2014EXAMPLE RESULTS FOR SECTION 7 TEST PROCEDURES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
336<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B21\u2014PRODUCTION OF EXAMPLE RESULTS FOR SECTION 7 TEST PROCEDURES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
337<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B22\u2014EXAMPLE PROCEDURES FOR DEVELOPING ACCEPTANCE-RANGE CRITERIA FOR SECTION 7 TEST CASES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
340<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B23\u2014VALIDATION METHODOLOGIES AND OTHER RESEARCH RELEVANT TO STANDARD 140 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
347<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX B24\u2014INFORMATIVE REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
352<\/td>\nINFORMATIVE ANNEX C\u2014ADDENDA DESCRIPTION INFORMATION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ASHRAE Standard 140-2017 — Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs (ANSI Approved)<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ASHRAE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2017<\/td>\n356<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":176191,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2719],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-176188","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ashrae","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/176188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/176191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=176188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=176188"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=176188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}