This Publicly Available Specification (PAS) specifies protocols and test procedures for the reproducible measurement of the peak spatial-average specific absorption rate (psSAR) induced inside a simplified model of the head or the body by radio-frequency (RF) transmitting devices, with a defined uncertainty. It provides requirements for systems using vector measurement-based systems. Such systems determine the psSAR by 3D field reconstruction within the volume of interest by specifying the requirements for the measurement system, calibration, uncertainty assessment and validation methods. The protocols and procedures apply for a significant majority of people including children during use of hand-held and bodyworn wireless communication devices.<\/p>\n
This PAS is applicable to any wireless communication device intended to be used at a position near the human head or body at distances up to and including 200 mm. This PAS can be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices used next to the ear, in front of the face, mounted on the body, combined with other RF-transmitting or non-transmitting devices or accessories (e.g. belt-clip), or embedded in garments. The overall applicable frequency range is from 30 MHz to 6 GHz.<\/p>\n
The system validation procedures provided within this PAS cover frequencies from 600 MHz to 6 GHz.<\/p>\n
\nNOTE Some specifications (e.g., validation antennas and other procedures or requirements) are not yet defined over the full frequency range within the scope of this document but will be included in a future revision.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
The device categories covered include but are not limited to mobile telephones, cordless microphones, auxiliary broadcast devices and radio transmitters in personal computers, desktop, laptop devices, multi-band, multi-antenna, and push-to-talk devices.<\/p>\n
PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n
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\n PDF Pages<\/th>\n PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4<\/td>\n CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 9<\/td>\n FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 11<\/td>\n INTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12<\/td>\n 1 Scope
2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 13<\/td>\n 3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Overview of the measurement procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 14<\/td>\n Figures
Figure 1 \u2013 Evaluation plan checklist <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 15<\/td>\n 6 Measurement system specifications
6.1 General requirements
Tables
Table 1 \u2013 Evaluation plan checklist <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 17<\/td>\n 6.2 Phantom specifications
6.2.1 Head Phantom specifications \u2013 shell
6.2.2 Body Phantom specifications \u2013 shell
6.2.3 Tissue-equivalent medium material properties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 18<\/td>\n 6.3 Hand and Device holder considerations
6.4 Measurement system requirements
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Single probe measurement system specifications
6.4.3 Array measurement system specifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 19<\/td>\n 6.5 Device holder specification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 20<\/td>\n 6.6 Reconstruction algorithm and peak spatial-averaging specifications
7 Protocol for SAR assessment
7.1 Measurement preparation
7.1.1 Preparation of tissue-equivalent medium
Figure 2 \u2013 Illustration of the shape and orientation relative to a curved phantom surface of the distorted cubic volume for computing peak spatial-average SAR <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 21<\/td>\n 7.1.2 System check
7.1.3 Preparation of the device under test
7.1.4 Operating modes
7.1.5 Position of the DUT in relation to the phantom
7.1.6 Positions of the DUT in relation to the flat phantom for large DUT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 22<\/td>\n 7.1.7 Test frequencies for DUT
Figure 3 \u2013 Measurements performed by shifting a large device over the efficient measurement area of the system including overlapping areas \u2013 in this case: 6 tests performed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 23<\/td>\n 7.2 Tests to be performed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 24<\/td>\n 7.3 General measurement procedure
7.3.1 Measurement procedure for single probe systems
7.3.2 Measurement procedure for array systems
7.4 SAR measurements for simultaneous transmission
7.4.1 SAR measurements for non-correlated signals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 25<\/td>\n 7.4.2 SAR measurements for correlated signals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 26<\/td>\n 8 Uncertainty estimation
8.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 27<\/td>\n 8.2 Requirements on the uncertainty evaluation
8.3 Description of uncertainty models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 29<\/td>\n Table 2 \u2013 Uncertainty budget template for the evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of the 1 g or 10 g psSAR to be carried out by the system manufacturer (N = normal, R = rectangular) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 30<\/td>\n Table 3 \u2013 Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a DUT (N = normal, R = rectangular) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 31<\/td>\n Table 4 \u2013 Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a validation antenna (N = normal, R = rectangular) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 32<\/td>\n 9 Measurement report
Table 5 \u2013 Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from the system check (N = normal, R = rectangular) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 33<\/td>\n Annex A (normative) Phantom specifications
A.1 SAM phantom specifications
A.1.1 SAM phantom geometry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 34<\/td>\n Figure A.1 \u2013 Illustration of dimensions in Table A.1 and Table A.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 35<\/td>\n Table A.1 \u2013 Dimensions used in deriving SAM phantom from theARMY 90th percentile male head data (Gordon et al.[61])
Table A.2 \u2013 Additional SAM dimensions compared with selected dimensions from the ARMY 90th-percentile male head data (Gordon et al. [61]) \u2013 Specialist head measurement section <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 36<\/td>\n Figure A.2 \u2013 Close up side view of phantom showing the ear region
Figure A.3 \u2013 Side view of the phantom showing relevant markings,dimensions are in mm <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 37<\/td>\n A.1.2 SAM Phantom shell <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 38<\/td>\n A.1.3 Tissue Equivalent Medium
Figure A.4 \u2013 Cross-sectional view of SAM at the reference plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 39<\/td>\n A.2 Flat phantom specifications
Figure A.5 \u2013 Sagittally bisected phantom with extended perimeter, used for single probe systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 40<\/td>\n A.3 Specific phantoms
Figure A.6 \u2013 Dimensions of the elliptical phantom <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 41<\/td>\n A.4 Tissue-equivalent medium
Table A.3 \u2013 Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 42<\/td>\n Annex B (normative) Calibration and characterization of dosimetric probes
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Types of calibration
B.2.1 Amplitude calibration with analytical fields <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 43<\/td>\n B.2.2 Amplitude and phase calibration by transfer calibration
Table B.1 \u2013 Uncertainty analysis of single-probe calibration in waveguide <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 44<\/td>\n B.2.3 Amplitude and phase calibration using numerical reference
Table B.2 \u2013 Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 46<\/td>\n Table B.3 \u2013 Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 47<\/td>\n Annex C (informative) Field Reconstruction Techniques
C.1 Introduction
C.2 Objective of Field Reconstruction Techniques
C.3 Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 48<\/td>\n Figure C.1 \u2013 Coordinate system for 2D planar measurement-system
Figure C.2 \u2013 Generic configuration of SAR measurement system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 49<\/td>\n C.4 Reconstruction Techniques
C.4.1 Expansion Techniques <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 50<\/td>\n C.4.2 Source Reconstruction Techniques
C.4.3 Source Base Function Decomposition
C.4.4 Phase Reconstruction
C.4.5 Other Approaches
Figure C.3 \u2013 Schematic representation of 2D planar measurement-based SAR system and its coordinate system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 51<\/td>\n C.5 Source reconstruction and SAR estimation from fields measured outside the phantom
Figure C.4 \u2013 Source Reconstruction outside the phantom <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 52<\/td>\n Annex D (normative) SAR measurement system verification and validation
D.1 Introduction
D.1.1 Objectives and purpose of system check
D.1.2 Objectives of system validation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 53<\/td>\n D.2 SAR measurement setup and procedure for system check and system validation
D.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 54<\/td>\n D.2.2 Power measurement setups
Figure D.1 \u2013 A Recommended power measurement setup for system check and system validation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 55<\/td>\n D.2.3 Procedure to normalize the measured SAR
Figure D.2 \u2013 Equipment setup for measurement of forward power Pfc <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 56<\/td>\n Figure D.3 \u2013 Equipment setup for measuring the shorted reverse coupled power Prcs
Figure D.4 \u2013 Equipment setup for measuring the power with the Reference antenna connected <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 57<\/td>\n D.2.4 Power measurement uncertainty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 58<\/td>\n D.3 System check
D.3.1 System check antennas and test conditions
D.3.2 System check acceptance criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 59<\/td>\n D.4 System validation
D.4.1 Requirements for system validation antennas and test conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 60<\/td>\n D.4.2 Test positions for system validation
Table D.1 \u2013 Modulations and multiplexing methods used by radio systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 61<\/td>\n Figure D.5 \u2013 System check and validation locations for the flat phantom for minimal device specs (the minimal L and W shall be 160 mm x 80 mm) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 62<\/td>\n Figure D.6 \u2013 System check and validation locations for the head phantom <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 63<\/td>\n D.4.3 System validation procedure based on peak spatial-average SAR
Figure D.7 \u2013 Definition of rotation angles for dipoles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 64<\/td>\n Table D.2a \u2013 Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for the flat phantom filled with tissue simulating material for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 66<\/td>\n Table D.2b \u2013 Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for antenna generating two peaks on the flat phantom filled with tissue simulating material for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 67<\/td>\n Table D.3a \u2013 Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values on the head left and right phantom for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 71<\/td>\n Table D.3b \u2013 Peak spatial SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1g and 10g values for antenna generating two peaks on the head left and right phantom for the antennas defined in Annex F. Modulations are as defined in Table D.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 72<\/td>\n D.4.4 Validation acceptance criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 73<\/td>\n Annex E (informative) Interlaboratory comparisons
E.1 Purpose
E.2 Monitor laboratory
E.3 Phantom set-up
E.4 Reference devices
E.5 Power set-up <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 74<\/td>\n E.6 Interlaboratory comparison \u2013 Procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 75<\/td>\n Annex F (normative) Validation antennas
F.1 Introduction
F.2 Standard dipole antenna <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 76<\/td>\n Table F.1 \u2013 Mechanical dimensions of the reference dipoles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 77<\/td>\n F.3 VPIFA
Figure F.1 \u2013 Mechanical details of the standard dipole <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 79<\/td>\n Figure F.2 \u2013 VPIFA validation antenna <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 80<\/td>\n Figure F.3 \u2013 Masks for positioning VPIFAs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 81<\/td>\n Table F.2 \u2013 Dimensions for VPIFA antennas at different frequencies
Table F.3 \u2013 Electric properties for the dielectric layers for VPIFA antennas <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 82<\/td>\n F.4 2-PEAK CPIFA <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 84<\/td>\n Figure F.4 \u2013 Peak CPIFA at 2450 MHz
Figure F.5 \u2013 Tuning structure and matching structure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 85<\/td>\n F.5 Additional antennas
Table F.4 \u2013 Thickness of substrates and planar metallization
Table F.5 \u2013 Dielectric properties for FR4
Table F.6 \u2013 Lengths for the different components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 87<\/td>\n Annex G (normative) Calibration of Reference Antennas
G.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 88<\/td>\n G.2 Parameters or quantities and ranges to be determined by calibration method
G.3 Reference Antenna Calibration Setup
Figure G.1 \u2013 Measurement setup for waveguide calibration of dosimetric probe, and similar setup (same tissue-equivalent liquid, dielectric spacer, power sensors and coupler) for antenna calibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 89<\/td>\n G.4 Reference Antenna Calibration procedure
G.4.1 Verification of Return Loss
G.4.2 Calibration of Reference Antennas: Step-by-Step Procedure
Figure G.2 \u2013 Setup for calibration of a reference antenna <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 90<\/td>\n G.4.3 Uncertainty Budget of Reference Antenna Calibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 92<\/td>\n Table G.1 \u2013 Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (DIPOLE) calibration for 1g and 10g averaged SAR (750 MHz \u2013 3 GHz) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 93<\/td>\n Table G.2 \u2013 Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna calibration (PIFA) for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz \u2013 3 GHz) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 94<\/td>\n Table G.3 \u2013 Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (DIPOLE) calibration for 1g and 10g averaged SAR (3 \u2013 6 GHz) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 95<\/td>\n Annex H (normative) General considerations on uncertainty estimation
H.1 Concept of uncertainty estimation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 96<\/td>\n H.2 Type A and Type B evaluation
H.3 Degrees of freedom and coverage factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 97<\/td>\n H.4 Combined and expanded uncertainties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 98<\/td>\n H.5 Analytical reference functions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 100<\/td>\n Table H.1 \u2013 Parameters of analytical reference functions and associated reference peak 10g SAR value. Reference peak 1g SAR value is 1 W\/kg for every function <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 101<\/td>\n Annex I (normative) Evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty
I.1 Measuring system uncertainties to be specified by the manufacturer
I.1.1 Calibration CF
I.1.2 Vector probe or vector probe-array isotropy ISO <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 102<\/td>\n I.1.3 Mutual sensor coupling MSC
I.1.4 Scattering within the array AS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 104<\/td>\n I.1.5 System linearity LIN
I.1.6 Sensitivity limit SL
I.1.7 Boundary effect BE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 105<\/td>\n I.1.8 Readout electronics RE
I.1.9 Response time RT
I.1.10 Probe positioning PP <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 106<\/td>\n I.1.11 Sampling error SE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 107<\/td>\n I.1.12 Array boundaries AB
I.1.13 Phantom shell PS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 108<\/td>\n I.1.14 Tissue-equivalent material parameters MAT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 110<\/td>\n I.1.15 Phantom Homogeneity HOM
I.2 Uncertainty of post-processing algorithms
I.2.1 Introduction
I.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 111<\/td>\n I.2.3 Impact of noise on interpolation and extrapolation POL
I.2.4 SAR Averaging SAV
I.2.5 SAR scaling SARS
I.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 113<\/td>\n I.3 Measuring system errors which are dependent on the DUT
I.3.1 Introduction
I.3.2 Probe or probe-array coupling with the DUT PAC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 114<\/td>\n I.3.3 Modulation Response MOD
I.3.4 Integration time IT
I.3.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 115<\/td>\n Figure I.1 \u2013 Illustration of the SAR measurements during 8 hours and the centered moving average <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 116<\/td>\n I.4 DUT-related errors or validation antenna related errors and environmental factors
I.4.1 Device holder DH <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 117<\/td>\n I.4.2 Device Positioning DP
I.4.3 Measured SAR drift SD
I.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC
I.4.5 Measurement system immunity\/secondary reception MSI <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 118<\/td>\n I.4.6 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX
I.4.7 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n 119<\/td>\n Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices. Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 30 MHz to 6 GHz)<\/b><\/p>\n
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\n Published By<\/td>\n Publication Date<\/td>\n Number of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n 2018<\/td>\n 130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":421806,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-421799","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-bsi","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/421799","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/421806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=421799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=421799"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=421799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}