{"id":74223,"date":"2024-10-17T16:47:25","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T16:47:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/fema-549-2006\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T19:14:28","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T19:14:28","slug":"fema-549-2006","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/fema\/fema-549-2006\/","title":{"rendered":"FEMA 549 2006"},"content":{"rendered":"
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PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1<\/td>\n | Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf Coast <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
5<\/td>\n | Dedication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
7<\/td>\n | Executive Summary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
15<\/td>\n | Table of Contents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
27<\/td>\n | 1.\tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
29<\/td>\n | 1.1\tHurricane Katrina \u2013 The Event <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
31<\/td>\n | 1.1.1 \tHurricane Katrina Economic Loss Summary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
35<\/td>\n | 1.1.2\tStorm Surge Analysis and Discussion HWM Classification Types: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
46<\/td>\n | 1.1.3\tWind Hazard Analysis and Discussion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
53<\/td>\n | 1.2\tHistoric Hurricanes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
55<\/td>\n | 1.2.1\tHurricane Betsy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
56<\/td>\n | 1.2.2\tHurricane Camille <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
57<\/td>\n | 1.2.3 \tHurricane Frederic 1.3\tFEMA Mitigation Assessment Teams (MATs) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
58<\/td>\n | 1.3.1\tPurpose of the MAT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
59<\/td>\n | 1.3.3\tMethodology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
63<\/td>\n | 2.\tFloodplain Management \t\t\tRegulations and Building \t\t\tCodes and Standards 2.1\tFloodplain Management Regulations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
67<\/td>\n | 2.1.1\tFlood Studies and Flood Maps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
70<\/td>\n | 2.1.2\tHigher Regulatory Standards 2.1.3\tMississippi \u2013 Relating Observed Flood Damage to the FIRMs 2.1.4\tLouisiana \u2013 Relating Observed Flood Damage to the FIRMs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
74<\/td>\n | 2.1.5 Alabama \u2013 Relating Observed Flood Damage to the FIRMs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
75<\/td>\n | 2.2\tBuilding Codes and Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
76<\/td>\n | 2.2.1\tFlood Requirements in the IBC and the IRC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
77<\/td>\n | 2.2.2\tFlood Requirements in ASCE 7 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
78<\/td>\n | 2.2.3\tFlood Requirements in ASCE 24 2.2.4\tWind Requirements in Building Codes and Standards \u2013 Mississippi <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
84<\/td>\n | 2.2.5\tWind Requirements in Building Codes and Standards \u2013 Louisiana <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
86<\/td>\n | 2.2.6\tWind Requirements in Building Codes and Standards \u2013 Alabama <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
87<\/td>\n | 2.3\tHUD Manufactured Housing Design \tStandards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
89<\/td>\n | 3. General Overview of Storm-Related Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
91<\/td>\n | 3.1\tFlood Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
93<\/td>\n | 3.1.1\tFlood Effects on One- and Two-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
98<\/td>\n | 3.1.2\tFlood Effects on Multi-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
101<\/td>\n | 3.1.3\tFlood Effects on Commercial Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
103<\/td>\n | 3.1.4\tFlood Effects on Critical and Essential Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
104<\/td>\n | 3.1.5 \tFlood Effects on Historic Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
106<\/td>\n | 3.2\tWind Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
108<\/td>\n | 3.2.1\tWind Effects on One- and Two-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
111<\/td>\n | 3.2.2\tWind Effects on Multi-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
114<\/td>\n | 3.2.3\tWind Effects on Commercial Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
118<\/td>\n | 3.2.4\tWind Effects on Critical and Essential Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
122<\/td>\n | 3.2.5\tWind Effects on Historic Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
123<\/td>\n | 4.\tStructural Systems\tPerformance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
126<\/td>\n | 4.1.1\tSingle-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
151<\/td>\n | 4.1.2\tManufactured Housing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
156<\/td>\n | 4.1.3\tLow-Rise, Multi-Family Residential Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
167<\/td>\n | 4.2\tWind 4.2.1\tWood-Framed Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
195<\/td>\n | 4.2.3\tPre-Engineered Metal Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
201<\/td>\n | 5. Building Envelope Performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
204<\/td>\n | 5.1\tSheathing on the Underside of Elevated Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
205<\/td>\n | 5.2\tDoors 5.2.1\tPersonnel Door Damage 5.2.2\tGarage Door Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
206<\/td>\n | 5.2.3\tRolling and Sectional Door Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
207<\/td>\n | 5.3\tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits 5.3.1\tNon-Load-Bearing Walls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
213<\/td>\n | 5.3.2\tWall Coverings and Soffits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
226<\/td>\n | 5.4\tRoof Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
227<\/td>\n | 5.4.1\tAsphalt Shingles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
240<\/td>\n | 5.4.2\tFiber-Cement, Slate, and Tile <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
243<\/td>\n | 5.4.3\tMetal Panels and Shingles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
249<\/td>\n | 5.4.4 \tLow-Slope Membrane Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
254<\/td>\n | 5.5\tWindows, Shutters, and Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
255<\/td>\n | 5.5.1 Unprotected Glazing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
270<\/td>\n | 5.5.2 Protected Glazing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
274<\/td>\n | 5.5.3 Over-Pressurization <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
276<\/td>\n | 5.5.4 Installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
277<\/td>\n | 5.5.5 Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
278<\/td>\n | 5.6\tExterior-Mounted Mechanical, Electrical, and Communications \t\tEquipment 5.6.1\tMechanical Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
284<\/td>\n | 5.6.2 \tElectrical and Communications Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
291<\/td>\n | 6.\tHistoric Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
292<\/td>\n | 6.1\tFlood Damage 6.1.1\tBiloxi Lighthouse (Biloxi, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
293<\/td>\n | 6.1.2\tTullis-Toledano House (Biloxi, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
294<\/td>\n | 6.1.3\tTivoli Hotel (Biloxi, Mississippi) 6.1.4\tBeauvoir, Jefferson Davis’ Home (Biloxi, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
296<\/td>\n | 6.1.5\tLongue Vue House and Gardens (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
297<\/td>\n | 6.1.6\tMilne Boys Home (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
298<\/td>\n | 6.1.7\tBank Building (Bay St. Louis, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
299<\/td>\n | 6.2\tWind Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
301<\/td>\n | 6.2.1\tVeterans Affairs Medical Center (Gulfport, Mississippi) 6.2.2\tBenachi House (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
302<\/td>\n | 6.2.3\tPitot House Museum (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
303<\/td>\n | 6.2.4\tValence Street Baptist Church (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
304<\/td>\n | 6.2.5\tLongue Vue House and Gardens (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
305<\/td>\n | 7. Performance of Critical and Essential Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
306<\/td>\n | 7.1 \tEmergency Operations \tCenters 7.1.1 \tJackson County EOC (Pascagoula, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
309<\/td>\n | 7.1.2\tHarrison County EOC (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
310<\/td>\n | 7.1.3\tHancock County EOC (Bay St. Louis, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
313<\/td>\n | 7.2\tFire Stations 7.2.1\tBack Bay Fire Co. #4 (Biloxi, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
314<\/td>\n | 7.2.2\tGulfport Fire Station #1 (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
315<\/td>\n | 7.2.3\tGulfport Fire Station #5 (Gulfport, Mississippi) 7.2.4\tGulfport Fire Station #7 (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
316<\/td>\n | 7.2.5\tPass Christian Fire Department (Pass Christian, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
317<\/td>\n | 7.2.6\tCuevas Volunteer Fire Department (Pass Christian, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
318<\/td>\n | 7.2.7\tNorthshore Volunteer Fire Department (Slidell, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
319<\/td>\n | 7.2.8\tA. J. Champagne Fire Station (Slidell, Louisiana) 7.2.9\tThird District Fire Headquarters (New Orleans, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
320<\/td>\n | 7.2.10\tPort Sulphur Volunteer Fire Department (Port Sulphur, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
321<\/td>\n | 7.2.11\tBuras Volunteer Fire Department (Buras, Louisiana) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
322<\/td>\n | 7.3\tHospitals 7.3.1\tGarden Park Medical Center (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
324<\/td>\n | 7.4\tAirports and Military Bases 7.4.1\tGulfport-Biloxi International Airport <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
329<\/td>\n | 7.4.2\tKeesler Air Force Base <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
333<\/td>\n | 8.\tOverview of Hurricane\tKatrina in the New Orleans\tArea <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
335<\/td>\n | 8.1 Flooding in the New Orleans Area <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
336<\/td>\n | 8.2. Floodplain Management Issues Related to Levees\/Floodwalls 8.2.1 History of the New Orleans Levee System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
337<\/td>\n | 8.2.2 Floodplain Mapping and Building Construction within the New Orleans Levee-Protected Area <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
338<\/td>\n | 8.3 General Characterization of Flood Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
339<\/td>\n | 8.3.1 Structural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
343<\/td>\n | 8.3.2 Non-Structural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
345<\/td>\n | 8.4 Long-Duration Flood Impacts on Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
346<\/td>\n | 8.4.1 Deterioration of Building Materials from Lon-Duration Flooding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
351<\/td>\n | 8.4.2 Long-Duration Flood Impacts from Contamination <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
373<\/td>\n | 9. Mitigation Successes and Best Practices 9.1\tAcquisition Projects 9.1.1\tBrickyard Bayou Acquisition Project (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
376<\/td>\n | 9.1.2\tAcquisition Project (Pascagoula, Mississippi) 9.2\tElevation Projects 9.2.1\tLacombe, Louisiana <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
377<\/td>\n | 9.2.2\tElevations Along Lakeshore Drive in Mandeville, Louisiana <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
380<\/td>\n | 9.3\tWind Retrofit Projects 9.3.1\tHarrison County Courthouse (Gulfport, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
381<\/td>\n | 9.3.2\tOcean Springs Middle School (Ocean Springs, Mississippi) 9.3.3\tHancock County Senior Citizens Center (Bay St. Louis, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
382<\/td>\n | 9.3.4\tJackson County EOC (Pascagoula, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
383<\/td>\n | 9.4\tHigher Regulatory Standards – Citywide Elevation Standard \t(Pascagoula, Mississippi) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
384<\/td>\n | 9.5\tOther Best Practices 9.5.1\tCantilevered Condenser Platforms 9.5.2\tShutters over Windows (Non-Retrofit) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
387<\/td>\n | 10. Conclusions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
388<\/td>\n | 10.1\tFlood Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
389<\/td>\n | 10.1.1\tLowest Floor Elevations 10.1.2 \tFoundations and Structures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
391<\/td>\n | 10.1.3 \tLong-Duration Flood Impacts in the New Orleans Area <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
395<\/td>\n | 10.2\tWind Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
396<\/td>\n | 10.2.1 \tBuilding Codes 10.2.2 \tPerformance of Structural Systems (Residential and Commercial Construction) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
398<\/td>\n | 10.2.3\t Performance of Building Envelope, and Mechanical and Electrical Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
400<\/td>\n | 10.2.4\t The Need for High-Wind Design and Construction Guidance 10.2.5 Wind Mitigation for Existing Buildings 10.3\tPerformance of Critical and Essential Facilities (Including \tShelters) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
401<\/td>\n | 10.4\tHistoric Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
403<\/td>\n | 11. Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
404<\/td>\n | 11.1\tFlood Related Recommendations 11.1.1\tCodes and Standards 11.1.2\tGeneral Hazard Identification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
407<\/td>\n | 11.1.4\t Design and Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
411<\/td>\n | 11.1.5\t Foundations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
416<\/td>\n | 11.1.6\tFlood Insurance 11.2\tWind Related Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
417<\/td>\n | 11.2.1\t Building Codes 11.2.2\tDesign and Construction 11.2.3\tWind Mitigation for Existing Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
423<\/td>\n | 11.3\tCritical and Essential Facilities Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
426<\/td>\n | 11.4\tPublic Outreach Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
431<\/td>\n | Appendices A. References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
435<\/td>\n | B. Acknowledgements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
437<\/td>\n | C. Acronyms and Abbreviations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
445<\/td>\n | D. Glossary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
449<\/td>\n | E. FEMA Hurricane Katrina Recovery Advisories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
491<\/td>\n | F. High Water Marks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
531<\/td>\n | G. Procedure Memorandum 34\u2013 Interim Guidance for Studies Including Levees <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
535<\/td>\n | H. Continuity of Operations and Environmental Issues for Infrastructure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
543<\/td>\n | I. Description of Sampling and Analytical Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
573<\/td>\n | J. Historic Buildings Pre- and Post-Disaster Mitigation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
581<\/td>\n | K. FEMA Regional Offices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" FEMA 549 – Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf Coast: Mitigation Assessment Team Report, Building Performance Observations, Recommendations, and Technical Guidance<\/b><\/p>\n |