ASTM-F1166:2021 Edition(Redline)

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F1166-21 Standard Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities (Redline)

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2021

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Categories: 47.020.01 - General standards related to shipbuilding and marine structures, ASTM

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Description

ASTM F1166-21

Redline Standard: Standard Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities

ASTM F1166

Scope

1.1 This practice provides ergonomic design criteria from a human-machine perspective for the design and construction of maritime vessels and structures and for equipment, systems, and subsystems contained therein, including vendor-purchased hardware and software.

1.1.1 The focus of these design criteria is on the design and evaluation of human-machine interfaces, including the interfaces between humans on the one side and controls and displays, physical environments, structures, consoles, panels and workstations, layout and arrangement of ship spaces, maintenance workplaces, labels and signage, alarms, computer screens, material handling, valves, and other specific equipment on the other.

1.2 The criteria contained within this practice shall be applied to the design and construction of all hardware and software within a ship or maritime structure that the human crew members come in contact in any manner for operation, habitability, and maintenance purposes.

1.3 Unless otherwise stated in specific provisions of a ship or maritime structure design contract or specification, this practice is to be used to design maritime vessels, structures, equipment, systems, and subsystems to fit the full potential user population range of 5th % females to 95th % males.

1.4 This practice is divided into the following sections and subsections:

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Keywords

anthropometrics; ergonomics; human engineering (HE); human factors engineering (HFE); human systems integration (HSI);

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 47.020.01 (General standards related to shipbuilding and marine structures)

DOI: 10.1520/F1166-21

Additional information

78	Workbench Dimensions
15.1	Design Criteria of Labels
15.13	Instruction Labels
15.14	Graphical Schematics or Diagrams
15.15	Orientation Plans
15.16	Emergency Instructions
79	Safe Reach Distances Over an Obstacle or Barrier
15.10	Load Weight Identification Labels
77	Clearance in Front of Filing Cabinets
68	Required Dimensions for a Kneeling Worker
80	Mounting Heights for Bulkhead-mounted Equipment in Passageways
15.9	Safe Working Load Identification Labels
76	Mounting Height of Status Boards
75	Front Clearance Requirement for Lower Shelves
74	Workplace Dimensions for Shelves Requiring Vision Over the Top
73	Workplace Dimensions for Shelves Located Above a Cabinet
72	Workplace Dimensions for Shelves with Full Access
71	Required Dimensions for a Squatting Worker
69	Control Mounting Height for Squatting Personnel
15.4	Component Labels on Consoles and Panels
15.12	Information Signs
85	Wraparound Seated Console
91	Stair Dimensions
90	Cargo and Ballast Transfer Consoles
89	Dimensions for Desktop Standing Console
88	Multi-tiered Seated Console
87	Multi-tiered Standing Console
15.2	Abbreviations
86	Special Width Console
15.3	Symbols
170	Safety Barriers
15.8	Pipe Marker Labels
84	Seated Single-operator Console Dimensions
15.5	Equipment Identification Labels
83	Spatial Relationship of Fore and Aft Equipment to Controls and Displays on a Console Located Athwartship
15.6	Electrical System Labels
82	Direct Spatial Relationships Between Controls and Equipment
15.7	Room, Deck Space, and Void Identification Labels
81	Mounting Heights for Common Electrical Fixtures
70	Display Mounting Heights for Squatting Personnel
94	Ramp with Switchback Turning Platform
10.17	Bridge Design
169	Areas To Place Items on Bulkhead
166	Cable Arrangements
165	Example of Alignment Pins
164	Access Opening Covers
163	Case Orientation
162	Use of Dollies
161	Use of Hand Trucks
59	Shock Current Intensities and Their Probable Consequences
67	Display Mounting Height for Kneeling Personnel
62	Control Mounting Height for Seated Personnel
58	Thermal Temperature Limits
56	Opening Dimensions for Arm Access without Tools
55	Opening Dimensions for Single-hand Access without Tools
54	Opening Dimensions for Single-hand Access with Tools
53	Standing, Lateral Reach (Preferred Arm)
52	Standing, Forward Reach (Preferred Arm)
10.16	Consoles and Control Panels
168	Fluid Line Connection Recommendations
5.1	Principles of Control Design
160	Handle Dimensions
93	Ramp with Turning Platform
16.4	Design of Handles and Grasp Areas
167	Suggested Cable Arrangement in a Junction Box
65	Display Mounting Height for Standing Personnel
16.1	Design to Support Manual Material Lifting and Carrying
64	Control Mounting Height for Standing Personnel
16.2	Weight Lifting
63	Display Mounting Height for Seated Personnel
16.3	Weight Carrying
5.6	Control Use and Design
66	Control Mounting Height for a Kneeling Person
5.5	Coding of Controls
5.2	General Design Guidelines
61	Clearance Behind a Seated Workstation
16.5	Design of Auxiliary Hoisting and Carrying Devices
5.4	Control Spacing
60	Minimum Speech Intelligibility Scores
16.6	Hand Trucks and Wheeled Dollies
5.3	Control Movement
16.7	Crane Design
92	Straight Run Ramp Dimensions
50	Cross-Legged Seated, Forward Reach (Both Arms)
15.11	Hazard Identification Signs
11.4	Vertical Ladders
104	Extended Railing and Cage for Ladder Fall Protection (Side View)
103	Extended Railing and Cage for Ladder Fall Protection (Front View)
11.1	Stairs, Ladders, and Ramps
102	Extended Railing for Ladder Fall Protection (Side View)
11.2	Stairs
101	Extended Railing for Ladder Fall Protection (Front View)
11.3	Ramps
19.5	Telephone Systems
13.16	Forms
106	Handle for Transition from a Ladder to an Intermediate Platform
17.21	Test and Sample Points
17.20	Pipe Flanges, Spools, and Blinds
Section and Subsections	Title
12.5	Alternative Valve Orientations
13.19	Feedback
12.6	Valve Manifolds
9.2	Static Anthropometric Data
105	Handles or Hand Grabs for Use as Ladder Extensions
13.15	Menus
100	Ladder and Climber Safety Device Dimensions
11.9	Individual Rung Ladders
11.6	Vertical Ladders with Positive Fall Protection Devices
8.5	Position Relationships of Controls to Associated Displays and Alarms
11.7	Special Ladder Requirements
8.4	Position Relationships of Displays and Alarms
11.8	Handle/Hand Grab
8.3	Separating Groupings
19.1	Communication System Requirements
8.2	Grouping Relationships—Principles of Arrangement
107	Recommended Design Criteria for Individual Rung Ladders
Appendix X2	Human Factors Engineering (HFE) Design Checklist
19.2	Microphones
8.1	Principles of Design
109	Fixed Handrail Design
Appendix X1	Small Boat and High Speed Craft (HSC) Appendix
19.3	Headsets
108	Dimensions for D-Ring Ladders
19.4	Loudspeakers
9.1	General Design Requirements
11.5	Vertical Ladders with Safety Cages
95	Vertical Ladder Dimensions
14.4	Whole-body Vibration and Shock
Table	Title
13.29	Printing
13.28	Cursors
13.23	Data Security
13.22	Error Management/Data Protection
13.25	Software
13.24	Help
13.20	Prompts
13.18	Language
13.13	Graphic Controls
14.3	Lighting
14.1	Noise
14.2	Indoor Climate
99	Cage Shape and Size
98	Caged Ladder Dimensions
97	Platform/Landing Dimensions for Vertical Ladder Penetration
96	Dimensions for a Vertical Ladder Arrangement
13.27	Input Devices
13.3	Computer Displays
13.21	Defaults
13.26	Data Transmission/Messaging
13.17	Alarms
12.1	General Design Requirements
12.2	Valve Criticality and Location
12.3	Valve-Mounting Heights and Orientations: Handwheel Operated
12.4	Valve-Mounting Heights and Orientations: Lever-Operated Valves
13.12	Interactive Control
13.11	Data Entry
13.14	Windows
13.10	Audio Displays
13.2	System Operations
18.10	Emergency Egress
13.4	Display Content
13.5	Display Coding
13.6	Dynamic Displays
13.7	Display Format
13.8	Textual Data Displays
13.9	Graphic Displays
13.1	General Design Requirements
51	Standing, Forward Reach (Both Arms)
57	Opening Dimensions for Two-hand Access
111	Special Handrail Design Dimensions
5	Typical Status Display and Alarm Color Codes for North American Industry
9	General Recommendations for Sound Loudness and Frequency
128	Physical Reach from a Stooping or Squatting Position
7	Functional Evaluation of Types of Audio Signals
127	Direction of Travel for Valve Levers Accessible From One Side Only
6	Character Sizes for Digital Displays
X2.1	Human Factors Checklist for Design
126	Mounting Heights for Lever-Operated Valves With Horizontal Stems
129	Mounting Position for Valve Levers and Handwheels Below Standing Surface
24	Stair Widths
122	Mounting Heights for Handwheel Valves With Vertical Stems
125	Mounting Heights for Lever-Operated Valves With Vertical Stems
4	Comparison of Displacement and Isometric Controls
124	Mounting Heights for Handwheel Valves With Angled Stems
10.3	Standing Workstation
3	Minimum Spacing Between Two Controls
123	Mounting Heights for Handwheel Valves With Horizontal Stems
10.4	Kneeling Workstation
18.1	Hierarchy of Controls
18.2	Safety Labels, Signs, and Excluded Area Markings
10.2	Seated Workstation
18.5	Electrical Hazards
21	Maximum Overhead Extended and Gripping Reach
10.7	Status Boards and File Cabinets
7.6	Alarm Requirements by IMO
20	Dimensions for a Seated Computer Workstation
10.8	Work Benches
7.5	Alarm Initiation Stations
10.9	Vertical Strainers and Filters
22	Selection of Access Type
10.5	Squatting Workstation
7.4	Voice Messages
17.19	Stored Energy Devices
7.3	Audible Alarms
18.3	General Workplace Hazards
7.2	Visual Alarms
18.4	General Equipment-Related Hazards
7.1	General Alarm Requirements
2	Control Movement Expectations
18.6	Mechanical Hazards
10.14	Bulkhead-Mounted Equipment
6.4	Display Types
113	Additional Personnel Movement-related Design Features
10	Guidelines for Selecting Audible Alarm Sounds
119	Access into a Cargo Hold Through a Raised Hatch
118	Access to Overhead Hatch
117	Access to Vertical Escape Hatches
116	Dimensions for Lightening Holes
114	Dimensions for Rectangular Access Openings Installed in a Vertical Orientation Requiring a Step to Reach the Opening
17.16	Test Equipment
18.8	Safety Barriers
121	Desirable Upper Limits for Handwheel Torque
112	Transition Handrail Dimensions
110	Removable Handrail Dimensions
8.9	Special Requirements for Control and Display Integration on Bridges
8.8	Alternative Approach to Grouping Design
8.7	Spatial Relationship Between Controls, Displays, and Equipment
8.6	Control and Display Movement Relationships
12	International Geographical Regions for Which Anthropometric Data Are Available
13	Standing Height Dimensions—International Population
1	Recommended Manual Controls
17.15	Connectors
115	Dimensions for Rectangular, Square, and Round Hatches, Manways, and Lightening Holes
17.17	Fuses and Circuit Breakers
11	Clothing and Postural Effects
120	Door Placement
17.10	Equipment Modularization
19	Seated Workspace Dimensions
18.7	Fluid Hazards
18	Weights for American Adult Females and Males
17.14	Conductors
17.13	Electrical Wires and Cables
10.6	Shelving
18.9	Fall Protection
17	Female Anthropometric Data from Four Regions of the World
17.12	Standardization
16	Male Anthropometric Data from Four Regions of the World
17.11	Equipment Mounting and Installation
15	Forward Functional Reach Dimensions—International Population
17.18	Hydraulic Systems
14	Seated Eye Height Dimensions—International Population
23	Stair Dimensions
25	Handrail Arrangements
10.1	Basic Principles of Workplace Design
8	Guidelines for Color Coding of Visual Alarms
44	Chromaticity Coordinates for Color Coding
17.1	General Design Requirements
41	Examples of Equipment Labels
17.2	Maintenance Accessibility
6.5	Audible Displays
40	Operational Environment Types
17.3	Maintenance Environments
17.4	Lubrication
11.14	Hatches, Manways, Lightening Holes, Inspection Ports, and Kick-Out Panels
154	Sensor Label
11.15	Doors and Arches
17.5	Cases
11.16	Permanent Means of Access (PMA)
6.2	Location, Orientation, Lighting, and Arrangement of Displays
17.6	Covers
11.13	Elevated Work Platforms
6.1	Visual Displays
43	Example Color-Coding Scheme for Vessel/structure Piping
45	Message Text Character Heights
149	Guidelines for Labels on Consoles and Panels
42	Pipe Label Format
10.15	Equipment Racks, Cabinets, and Individual Equipment Spacing
10.12	Pedestal-Mounted Controls and Displays
10.13	Hand Cranks and Pumps
159	Example of Information Sign
158	Examples of Text and Symbol on Signs
157	Hazard Signal Word Headers
156	Pipe Marker Labels with Two Colors
155	Pipe Marker Labels
153	Equipment Label Format
46	Design Weight Limits for Lifting
152	Control Setting Labels for Multiple Controls
151	Control and Display Group Labels
150	Control and Control Setting Labels
10.10	Reach Limitations at Workstations
10.11	Safety Eyewash Fountains and Showers
49	Seated, Forward Reach (Both Arms)
48	Limiting Factors
47	Design Weight Limits for Carrying
17.7	Fasteners
6.3	Display Illumination
26	Recommended Ramp Angle Inclinations
133	Valve Manifold for Tanks Located Athwartship
35	Limiting Dimensions for Mouse
32	Keyboard Push-button Characteristics
31	Advantages and Disadvantages of Nonkeyboard Input Devices
30	System Response Time Limits
139	Check Boxes
138	Radio Buttons
137	Push Button States
135	Valve Manifold for Fill, High-suction, and Low-suction Valves
X1.2	Forward Functional Reach Measurements for North American Population
Figure	Title
134	Valve Manifold for Tanks Located Fore and Aft
132	Operating Valves from a Ladder
131	Orientation and Reach from Ladder Perpendicular to Valves
130	Orientation and Reach from Ladder Parallel to Valves
29	Access Opening and Mounting Depth Dimensions for Levers and Handwheels Mounted Below the Standing Surface
28	Dimensions for Additional Personnel Movement-related Features
27	Walkway and Passageway Dimensions
34	Pointing Device Button Actions
36	Maximum Permissible Noise Levels
136	Default Push Button
33	Pointer Shapes and Associated Functions
148	Independent Symbols
X1.1	Visibility Standards for HSC and Small Boat Application
147	Health Guidance Zones for Limited Exposures
146	Surface Reflectance Values
145	Large Enclosure Ventilation Requirements
144	Permissible Noise Exposure Limits
143	Trackball Dimensions, Resistance, and Clearance
142	Finger-Operated Displacement Joystick Specifications
141	Message Window Design
11.10	D-Ring Ladders
140	Slider Control
17.8	Hatches, Manways, Lightening Holes for Maintenance Access
11.11	Handrails
39	Maximum Brightness Ratios
17.9	Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
11.12	Walkways, Passageways, and Alternate Means of Personnel Movement
38	Lighting Levels for Ships and Maritime Structures
37	Noise Attenuation from Hearing Protectors
ICS Codes	47.020.01 - General standards related to shipbuilding and marine structures