BSI DD IEC/TS 62558:2011
$198.66
Ultrasonics. Real-time pulse-echo scanners. Phantom with cylindrical, artificial cysts in tissue-mimicking material and method for evaluation and periodic testing of 3D-distributions of void-detectability ratio (VDR)
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2011 | 54 |
IEC/TS 62558:2011(E) specifies essential characteristics of a phantom and method for the measurement of void-detectability ratio for medical ultrasound systems and related transducers. It is restricted to the aspect of long-term reproducibility of testing results. Medical diagnostic ultrasound systems and related transducers need periodic testing as the quality of medical decisions based on ultrasonic images may decrease over time due to progressive degradation of essential systems characteristics. The TMM (Tissue Mimicking Material) phantom is intended to be used to measure and to enable documentation of changes in void-detectability ratio in periodic tests over years of use. This technical specification establishes: – Important characteristics and requirements for a TMM 3D artificial cyst phantom using anechoic voids – A design example of a 3D artificial cyst phantom, the necessary test equipment and use of relevant computer software algorithms. This technical specification is currently applicable for linear array transducers. A uniformity test prior to void-detectability ratio (VDR) measurement is recommended.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 4 | CONTENTS |
| 6 | FOREWORD |
| 8 | INTRODUCTION |
| 9 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions |
| 13 | 4 Symbols |
| 14 | 5 Ambient conditions of measurement with the phantom 6 Specification of TMM 3D artificial anechoic-cyst phantom 6.1 3D-phantom concept 6.2 General phantom specification 6.3 TMM specifications: |
| 15 | 6.4 Anechoic targets 6.5 Phantom enclosure 6.6 Scanning surface 6.7 Dimensions |
| 16 | 6.8 Phantom stability 6.9 Digitized image data |
| 17 | 7 Principle of measurement using the 3D anechoic void phantom 7.1 General 7.2 Analysis |
| 19 | Annex A (informative) Description of construction of an example phantom and test results Figures Figure A.1 – Example of measurement test equipment |
| 21 | Figure A.2a) – Package of TMM slices containing alternating void slices and attenuation slices of polyurethane foam Figure A.2b) – Holes of different diameters in the void slices allow the use of the phantom with different ultrasound frequencies (1 – 15 MHz) Figure A.2 – TMM slices Figure A.3 – Structure of foam |
| 22 | Figure A.4 – C-images of voids |
| 23 | Figure A.5 – Experimental confirmation of Rayleigh distribution with attenuating TMM |
| 24 | Figure A.6 – Speed of sound in saltwater Figure A.7 – Phantom with motor drive and two types of adapters |
| 26 | Figure A.8 – B-, D-, C- images and grey scale |
| 27 | Figure A.9 – Illustration of the VDR calculation for a ROI consisting of a single line |
| 28 | Figure A.10 – B-C-D planes |
| 29 | Figure A.11 – Principle of the ultrasound scanning array and beam |
| 30 | Figure A.12 – Schematic of B-D-C planes |
| 31 | Figure A.13 – 3D-Phantom images |
| 32 | Figure A.14 – B-D-C images and VDR |
| 33 | Figure A.15a) – Example: Curved Array, 40mm radius, 3,5MHz with good VDR-values. Figure A.15b) – Example: Curved Array, 40-mm radius, 3,5MHz with poor VDR-values Figure A.15 – VDR-values |
| 34 | Figure A.16 – Example: Linear array transducer 13 MHz |
| 35 | Figure A.17 – Interpretation of VDR parameter |
| 36 | Figure A.18 – Explanation of saturation (0-255 grey-scale range) |
| 37 | Figure A.19a) – Voids 2,5 mm Figure A.19b) – Voids 3,0 mm Figure A.19c) – Voids 4,0 mm Figure A.19 – Saturation effect Figure A.20 – Void spot analysis |
| 38 | Figure A.21a) – Local dynamic curve Figure A.21b) – Expected envelope of VDR Figure 21 – Local dynamic range |
| 39 | Annex B (informative) System description |
| 40 | Annex C (informative) Rationale |
| 41 | Figure C.1 – Autocorrelation function |
| 42 | Figure C.2a) – Autocorrelation function at 4,06 cm depth Figure C.2b) – Autocorrelation function at 9,08 cm depth Figure C.2 – Autocorrelation function – dependence on depth Figure C.3 – Autocorrelation function at 10,94 cm depth |
| 43 | Annex D (informative) Uniformity measurement |
| 44 | Figure D.1a) – Uniformity test with related linear or curved array transducer Figure D.1b) – Fixed pattern in B-image Figure D.1 – Uniformity test |
| 45 | Figure D.2a) – B-D-C image and fixed pattern in C-image Figure D.2b) – Grey scale display of full array Figure D.2 – Uniformity test – Additional features |
| 46 | Figure D.3 – Linear transducer with reference tape |
| 47 | Figure D.4 – Interpretation of simulated transducer failure when half of the probe is covered by five layers of 50-mm fabric tape |
| 48 | Figure D.5 – Disconnected elements, example with linear transducer |
| 49 | Figure D.6 – Example with curved array transducer and reference tape |
| 50 | Bibliography |
