IEEE C57.147 2008

$44.96

IEEE Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Natural Ester Fluids in Transformers

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2008	41

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Description

New IEEE Standard – Active. This guide recommends tests and evaluation procedures, as well as criteria and methods of maintenance, for natural ester-based transformer insulating fluids. These base fluids are also known as vegetable seed oils. Methods of reconditioning natural ester-based insulating fluids are also described. Where instructions given by the transformer or fluid manufacturer differ from those given in this guide, the manufacturer’s instructions are to be given preference.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std C57.147™-2008 Front cover
6	Introduction Notice to users Laws and regulations Copyrights Updating of IEEE documents
7	Errata Interpretations Patents Participants
9	Contents
11	Title page Important notice 1. Overview 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose
12	1.3 System design 1.4 Background information on mixtures of natural ester fluids with other dielectric liquids 2. Normative references
15	3. Acronyms and abbreviations 4. Fluid tests and the significance of each test 4.1 General
16	4.2 Practices for sampling (ASTM D923 and ASTM D3305) 4.3 Acid number (ASTM D664 and ASTM D974) 4.4 Dielectric breakdown voltage (ASTM D1816)
17	4.5 Dielectric breakdown voltage—Impulse conditions (ASTM D3300) 4.6 AC loss characteristics—Dissipation factor and relative permittivity (ASTM D924)
18	4.7 Interfacial tension (ASTM D971) 4.8 Color (ASTM D1500) 4.9 Kinematic viscosity (ASTM D445) 4.10 Flash point and fire point—Cleveland Open Cup Method (ASTM D92)
19	4.11 Relative density (ASTM D1298) 4.12 Pour point (ASTM D97) 4.13 Volume resistivity (ASTM D1169)
20	4.14 Gas analysis (ASTM D3612) 4.15 Oxidation stability
21	4.16 Water content—Karl Fischer Method (ASTM D1533) 4.17 Visual examination field test (ASTM D1524 and ASTM D1500)
22	4.18 Gassing of insulating oils under electrical stress and ionization (ASTM D2300) 4.19 Corrosive sulfur test (ASTM D1275, Method B) 4.20 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (ASTM D4059) 5. Fluid compatibility with transformer materials 6. Handling and evaluation of natural ester fluids for use in filling transformers at the installation site 6.1 General
23	6.2 Shipping containers 6.3 Check tests on receipt
24	6.4 Handling of the fluid by the user and placing the fluid in storage
25	6.5 Handling and testing of natural ester fluids for installation into apparatus
26	7. Evaluation of natural ester fluids received in new equipment and after filling apparatus on-site
27	8. Maintenance of natural ester fluids 8.1 Field screening
28	8.2 Laboratory screening 8.3 Test limits for service-aged natural ester fluids 8.4 Reconditioning
30	8.5 Reclaiming 8.6 Mixtures of different types of dielectric fluids
31	9. Safety and environmental care procedures 9.1 General 9.2 Leaks 9.3 Minor spills 9.4 Spills on soil
32	9.5 Spills on water
33	Annex A (informative) Bibliography
35	Annex B (informative) Additional technical information