{"id":381424,"date":"2024-10-20T03:11:29","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T03:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bsi-pd-iec-tr-62001-42021\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T05:47:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T05:47:33","slug":"bsi-pd-iec-tr-62001-42021","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bsi-pd-iec-tr-62001-42021\/","title":{"rendered":"BSI PD IEC TR 62001-4:2021"},"content":{"rendered":"

This part of IEC TR 62001, which is a Technical Report, provides guidance on the basic data of AC side filters for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems and their components such as ratings, power losses, design issues and special applications, protection, seismic requirements, equipment design and test parameters.<\/p>\n

This document covers AC side filtering for the frequency range of interest in terms of harmonic distortion and audible frequency disturbances. It excludes filters designed to be effective in the power line carrier (PLC) and radio interference spectra.<\/p>\n

It concerns the conventional AC filter technology and LCC (line-commutated converter) HVDC but much of this applies to any filter equipment for VSC (voltage sourced converter) HVDC.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nundefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nINTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Steady state rating
4.1 General
4.2 Calculation method
4.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nFigures
Figure 1 \u2013 Circuit for rating evaluation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n4.2.2 AC system pre-existing harmonics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n4.2.3 Combination of converter and pre-existing harmonics
4.2.4 Equipment rating calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n4.2.5 Application of voltage ratings
4.3 AC network conditions
4.4 De-tuning effects
4.5 Network impedance for rating calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n4.6 Outages
5 Transient stresses and rating
5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n5.2 Switching impulse studies
5.2.1 Energization and switching <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nFigure 2 \u2013 Inrush current into a 12\/24th double-tuned filter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n5.2.2 Faults external to the filter
Figure 3 \u2013 Voltage across the low voltage capacitor of a 12\/24th double-tuned filter at switch-on <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n5.2.3 Faults internal to the filter
Figure 4 \u2013 Voltage across the HV capacitor bank of a 12\/24th double-tuned filter under fault conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n5.2.4 Transformer inrush currents
5.3 Fast fronted waveform studies
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Lightning strikes
5.3.3 Busbar flashover studies
5.4 Insulation co-ordination <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nFigure 5 \u2013 Typical arrangements of surge arresters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\n6 Losses
6.1 Background
6.2 AC filter component losses
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Filter\/shunt capacitor losses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nTables
Table 1 \u2013 Typical losses in an all-film capacitor unit <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n6.3 Reactor and resistor losses
6.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\n6.3.2 Filter resistor losses
6.3.3 Shunt reactor losses
6.4 Criteria for loss evaluation
6.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n6.4.2 Fundamental frequency AC filter busbar voltage
6.4.3 Fundamental frequency and ambient temperature
6.4.4 AC system harmonic impedance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n6.4.5 Harmonic currents generated by the converter
6.4.6 Pre-existing harmonic distortion
6.4.7 Anticipated load profile of the converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n7 Design issues and special applications
7.1 General
7.2 Performance aspects
7.2.1 Low order harmonic filtering and resonance conditions with AC system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n7.2.2 Definition of interference factors to include harmonics up to 5 kHz <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n7.2.3 Triple-tuned filter circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n7.2.4 Harmonic AC filters on tertiary winding of converter transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n7.3 Rating aspects
7.3.1 Limiting high harmonic currents in parallel-resonant filter circuits
7.3.2 Transient ratings of parallel circuits in multiple tuned filters
7.3.3 Overload protection of high-pass harmonic filter resistors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n7.3.4 Back-to-back switching of filters or shunt capacitors
7.3.5 Short time overload \u2013 reasonable specification of requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n7.3.6 Low voltage filter capacitors without fuses
7.4 Filters for special purposes
7.4.1 Harmonic filters for damping transient overvoltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n7.4.2 Non-linear filters for low order harmonics\/transient overvoltages
Figure 6 \u2013 Non-linear low order filter for Vienna Southeast HVDC station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n7.4.3 Series filters for HVDC converter stations
Figure 7 \u2013 Single-tuned series filter and impedance plot <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nFigure 8 \u2013 Triple-tuned series filter and impedance plot <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nFigure 9 \u2013 Mixed series and shunt AC filters at Uruguaiana HVDC station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n7.4.4 Re-tunable AC filters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n7.5 Impact of new HVDC station in vicinity of an existing station
Figure 10 \u2013 Re-tunable AC filter branch <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n7.6 Redundancy issues and spares
7.6.1 Redundancy of filters \u2013 Savings in ratings and losses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n7.6.2 Internal filter redundancy
7.6.3 Spare parts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n8 Protection
8.1 Overview
8.2 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n8.3 Bank and sub-bank overall protection
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Short-circuit protection
8.3.3 Overcurrent protection
8.3.4 Thermal overload protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n8.3.5 Differential protection
8.3.6 Earth fault protection
8.3.7 Overvoltage and undervoltage protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n8.3.8 Special protection functions and harmonic measurements
8.3.9 Busbar and breaker failure protection
8.4 Protection of individual filter components
8.4.1 Unbalance protection for filter and shunt capacitors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n8.4.2 Protection of low voltage tuning capacitors
8.4.3 Overload protection and detection of filter detuning
8.4.4 Temperature measurement for protection
8.4.5 Measurement of fundamental frequency components
8.4.6 Capacitor fuses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n8.4.7 Protection and rating of instrument transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n8.4.8 Examples of protection arrangements
8.5 Personnel protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nFigure 11 \u2013 Example of a protection schemefor an unearthed shunt capacitor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\nFigure 12 \u2013 Example of a protection scheme for a C-type filter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n9 Audible noise
9.1 General
9.2 Sound active components of AC filters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nFigure 13 \u2013 Electrical spectrum
Figure 14 \u2013 Force spectrum <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n9.3 Sound requirements
9.4 Noise reduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n10 Seismic requirements
10.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n10.2 Load specification
10.2.1 Seismic loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n10.2.2 Additional loads
10.2.3 Soil quality
10.3 Method of qualification
10.3.1 General
10.3.2 Qualification by analytical methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n10.3.3 Design criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n10.3.4 Documentation for qualification by analytical methods
10.4 Examples of improvements in the mechanical design
11 Equipment design and test parameters
11.1 General
11.1.1 Technical information and requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n11.1.2 Technical information to be provided by the customer
11.1.3 Customer requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n11.1.4 Technical information to be presented by the bidders
11.1.5 Ratings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n11.2 Capacitors
11.2.1 General
11.2.2 Design aspects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\nFigure 15 \u2013 Comparison of internal, fuseless and external fused capacitor unit designs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n11.2.3 Electrical data
Table 2 \u2013 Electrical data for capacitors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n11.2.4 Tests
11.3 Reactors
11.3.1 General
11.3.2 Design aspects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n11.3.3 Electrical data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n11.3.4 Tests
Table 3 \u2013 Electrical data for reactors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n11.4 Resistors
11.4.1 General
11.4.2 Design aspects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n11.4.3 Electrical data
Table 4 \u2013 Electrical data for resistors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n11.4.4 Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n11.5 Arresters
11.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n11.5.2 Design aspects
11.5.3 Electrical data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n11.5.4 Arresters: tests
11.6 Instrument transformers
11.6.1 Voltage transformers
Table 5 \u2013 Electrical data for arresters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n11.6.2 Current transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\nTable 6 \u2013 Electrical data for current transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n11.7 Filter switching equipment
11.7.1 General
11.7.2 Design aspects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n11.7.3 Electrical data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n11.7.4 Test requirements
Table 7 \u2013 Electrical data for filter switching equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nAnnex A (informative) Example of seismic response spectra (from IEEE Std 693-2005)
Figure A.1 \u2013 Seismic response spectra <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters – Equipment<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2021<\/td>\n94<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":381432,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-381424","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-bsi","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/381424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/381432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=381424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=381424"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=381424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}