{"id":453058,"date":"2024-10-20T09:28:27","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T09:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ieee-45-1-2023-3\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T17:35:20","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T17:35:20","slug":"ieee-45-1-2023-3","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ieee\/ieee-45-1-2023-3\/","title":{"rendered":"IEEE 45.1-2023"},"content":{"rendered":"

Revision Standard – Active. Recommendations for the design of electrical power generation, distribution, propulsion, loads systems, and equipment on merchant, commercial, and naval vessels are covered in this document.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nIEEE Std 45.1-2023 front cover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nTitle page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nImportant Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nParticipants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nContents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n1. Overview
1.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n1.2 Scope
1.3 Purpose
1.4 Word usage
1.5 Application of various national and international standards
1.6 Equipment construction, testing, and certification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n2. Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n4. System engineering
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Design baseline <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n4.3 Product design
4.4 Product baseline <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n5. Power system characteristics
5.1 Electrical power systems architectures
5.1.1 Radial architecture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n5.1.2 Zonal architecture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n5.1.3 Hybrid architectures
5.2 Standard distribution system types
5.3 Nominal system voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n5.4 Standard frequency
5.5 Selection of voltage and system type <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n5.6 AC power system characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n5.7 DC power systems characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n5.8 Key electrical power system design inputs
5.8.1 Electric plant load analysis
5.8.2 Ship consumer equipment locations
5.9 Quality of service (QoS)
5.9.1 Introduction
5.9.2 Service interruption <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n5.9.3 Reconfiguration time (t1)
5.9.4 Generator start time (t2)
5.9.5 Mean time between service interruptions
5.9.6 QoS categories
5.9.6.1 Uninterruptible load
5.9.6.2 Short-term interrupt load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n5.9.6.3 Long-term interrupt loads
5.9.6.4 Exempt loads
5.10 Electrical power system concept of operation (EPS-CONOPS) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n5.11 Marine environmental conditions
5.11.1 Normal environmental conditions
5.11.2 Abnormal environmental conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n6. Electrical power system elements
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Power generation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n6.3 Power distribution
6.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n6.3.2 Primary bus
6.3.3 Distribution bus
6.3.4 Secondary bus
6.3.5 Special bus
6.4 Power conversion
6.5 Energy storage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n6.6 Electrical power system supervisory control
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Power system interface device (PSID) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n6.7 Loads
6.7.1 General
6.7.2 Uncontrolled load
6.7.3 Controlled load
6.7.4 Large loads
7. Power system design
7.1 Power generation and energy storage capacities
7.1.1 General recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n7.1.2 Nonintegrated ship service power and propulsion power systems
7.1.3 Integrated power systems (IPSs)
7.1.4 Special cases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n7.2 Power conversion and transformer ratings
7.3 Emergency power
7.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n7.3.2 Emergency generators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n7.3.3 Emergency energy storage
7.3.4 Emergency power distribution system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n7.3.5 Emergency switchboard configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n7.3.6 Temporary emergency power
7.3.7 Temporary emergency circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n7.3.8 Final emergency circuits
7.3.9 Time factor for supply of emergency power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n7.4 Safety
7.5 Power quality and harmonics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n7.6 Autonomous and remote control functions
7.7 Insulation system design
7.7.1 Creepage and clearance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n7.7.2 Coordinated insulation design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n7.8 Design life and removal routes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n8. Electrical power generation
8.1 General
8.2 Installation and location
8.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n8.2.2 Air intakes
8.2.3 Engine exhaust
8.3 Generator set prime movers
8.3.1 Prime mover sizing and performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n8.3.2 Lubrication
8.3.3 Diesel engine generator set
8.3.3.1 Diesel engine prime mover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n8.3.3.2 Diesel engine-generator controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n8.3.4 Gas turbine generator set
8.3.4.1 Gas turbine prime mover
8.3.4.2 Gas turbine generator controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n8.3.5 Steam turbine generator sets
8.3.6 Prime mover speed control system (governor)
8.3.6.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n8.3.6.2 Mechanical governors
8.3.6.3 Hydraulic-mechanical governors
8.3.6.4 Electronic governors
8.3.7 Engine starters
8.3.8 Shutdown valve
8.3.9 Ignition systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n8.4 Generators
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Selection and sizing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n8.4.3 Generator design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n8.4.4 Terminal arrangements and incoming cables
8.4.5 Heaters
8.4.6 Nameplates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n8.4.7 Voltage regulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n8.4.8 Generator metering and protection
8.4.9 Variable speed generators for use with rectifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n8.5 Fuel cells
9. Power distribution
9.1 General
9.2 Circuit elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n9.3 Shore power
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Nameplate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n9.4 Demand factors
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Lighting, interior communications, and electronics circuits
9.4.3 Galley circuits
9.4.4 Individual and multiple motor circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n9.4.5 Other circuits
9.5 Voltage drop
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 Feeder and branch circuit continuity
9.5.3 Feeder connections
9.6 Lighting distribution
9.6.1 Lights controlled from the navigating bridge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n9.6.2 Machinery space lighting
9.6.3 Cargo space lighting
9.6.4 Accommodation space lighting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\n9.6.5 Two-wire device connections
9.7 Delivery power feeders
9.8 Branch circuits
9.8.1 General
9.8.2 Heating and cooking equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n9.8.3 Motors
9.8.4 Fixed appliances
9.8.5 Receptacles
9.8.6 Lighting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n9.9 Circuit designation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n9.10 Distribution equipment
9.10.1 Distribution panels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n9.10.2 Circuit breakers
9.10.3 Wire lugs and connectors
9.10.4 Feeder box fittings
9.10.5 Branch box fittings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\n9.10.6 Connection box fittings
9.10.7 Shore connection boxes
9.10.8 Feeder, branch, and connection boxes
9.10.8.1 General
9.10.8.2 Boxes exposed to weather <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n9.10.8.3 Molded composition boxes
9.10.8.4 Minimum box wall thickness
9.10.8.5 Metallic box creepage and clearance
9.10.8.6 Stuffing tube bosses\/pads
9.10.8.7 Box covers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n9.10.8.8 Watertight boxes
9.10.8.9 Box locations
9.10.9 Receptacles, plugs, and switches\u2014non-watertight
9.10.9.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n9.10.9.2 Receptacles
9.10.9.3 Plugs
9.10.9.4 Switches
9.10.9.5 Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n9.10.9.6 Locations
9.10.10 Receptacles, plugs, and switches other than non-watertight
9.10.10.1 General
9.10.10.2 Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n9.10.10.3 Location
9.10.10.4 Terminal and stuffing tubes
9.10.11 Multi-cable penetrators
9.10.12 Bolts, taps, and threads
9.10.13 Power factor correction capacitors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\n9.10.14 Surge Protective Devices
9.11 Embarked vehicle power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n10. Power conversion
10.1 Power electronics
10.2 Transformers
10.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\n10.2.2 Installation and location
10.2.3 Type, number, and rating
10.2.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n10.2.3.2 Wye-wye transformers
10.2.3.3 Wye-delta transformers
10.2.3.4 Delta-wye transformers
10.2.3.5 Delta-delta transformers
10.2.3.6 Multi-winding transformers
10.2.4 Voltage regulation
10.2.5 Parallel operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\n10.2.6 Temperature rise
10.2.7 Terminals and connections
10.2.8 Nameplates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\n11. Energy storage
11.1 General
11.2 Specific applications
11.2.1 Controls
11.2.2 Instrumentation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\n11.2.3 Standby power applications
11.2.4 Buffer applications
11.2.5 Bulk energy storage
11.3 Rechargeable storage batteries
11.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\n11.3.2 Type of batteries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\n11.3.3 Selection and assembly
11.3.3.1 Battery selection
11.3.3.2 Battery assembly <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n11.3.4 Battery size categories
11.3.4.1 Large batteries
11.3.4.2 Moderate-sized batteries
11.3.4.3 Small batteries
11.3.5 Battery installation recommendations
11.3.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\n11.3.5.2 Cables
11.3.5.3 Large battery installation
11.3.5.4 Moderate-sized battery installation
11.3.5.5 Small battery installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\n11.3.6 Battery arrangement
11.3.6.1 General
11.3.6.2 Battery trays and racks
11.3.6.3 Battery storage lining <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\n11.3.7 Ventilation
11.3.7.1 General
11.3.7.2 Battery rooms
11.3.7.3 Battery lockers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n11.3.7.4 Battery boxes
11.3.7.5 General equipment rooms, electrical rooms, and other areas
11.3.7.6 Large battery installation ventilation
11.3.7.7 Moderate-sized and small battery installation ventilation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\n11.3.8 Battery rating
11.3.9 Charging facilities
11.3.10 Overload protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\n11.3.11 Lithium battery application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n11.4 Flywheels
11.5 Supercapacitors
12. Voice communication systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\n13. Motor and motor application
13.1 General application
13.2 AC and DC motors\u2014General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n13.3 Selection
13.3.1 Three-phase motor voltages
13.3.2 Single-phase ac motor voltages
13.3.3 Supply voltage
13.4 Installation and location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\n13.5 Insulation of windings
13.6 Locked rotor kVA
13.7 Efficiency
13.8 Lubrication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n13.9 Terminal arrangements
13.10 Corrosion-resistant parts
13.11 Nameplates
13.12 Ambient temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\n13.13 Limits of temperature rise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\n13.14 Motor application
13.14.1 General
13.14.2 AC motors
13.14.3 DC motors
13.14.4 Ventilating fan and blower motors
13.14.5 Pump motors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n13.14.6 Refrigerated spaces
13.14.7 Galley, laundry, workshop, print shop, and similar spaces
13.14.8 Applications in hazardous locations
13.14.9 Deck machinery motors
13.15 Duty rating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n13.16 Steering gear motors
13.16.1 AC motors
13.16.2 DC motors
13.17 Motor brakes
13.17.1 Introduction
13.17.2 Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n13.17.3 AC brakes
13.17.4 DC brakes
13.17.5 Accessibility
13.17.6 Enclosures
13.17.6.1 General
13.17.6.2 Open type
13.17.6.3 Drip proof enclosed
13.17.6.4 Watertight enclosed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n13.17.7 Construction
13.17.8 Nameplate
13.17.9 Brake application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\n13.18 Magnetic friction clutches
13.18.1 General
13.18.2 Nameplate
13.19 Bearing discharge energy due to common-mode voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\n14. Variable frequency drive (VFD) applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\n15. Electric propulsion and maneuvering system
15.1 Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\n15.2 Regulations
15.3 System requirements
15.3.1 General
15.3.2 Redundancy
15.3.3 Safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\n15.4 Propulsion drive transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
132<\/td>\n15.5 Propulsion motors
15.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\n15.5.2 Propulsion motor excitation
15.5.3 AC propulsion motors
15.5.4 DC propulsion motors
15.6 Propulsion motor drives <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\n15.7 Propulsion control
15.8 Podded propulsion
15.8.1 General
15.8.2 Steering system
15.8.3 Shaft, bearing, sealing systems, and propellers
15.8.4 Auxiliary systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\n15.8.5 Electrically powered pods
15.8.5.1 Electric motor
15.8.5.2 Power transmission system
15.8.5.3 Ventilation and cooling unit
15.9 Propulsion cables
15.10 Propulsion equipment location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
138<\/td>\n15.11 Ventilation
15.12 Bed-plates and foundations
15.13 Lubrication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\n16. Steering systems
16.1 General
16.2 Navigating bridge installation
16.3 Power supply
16.4 Alarm system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
140<\/td>\n16.5 Steering gear
16.5.1 General
16.5.2 Feeder circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\n16.5.3 Direct-drive steering gear
16.6 Steering control systems
16.6.1 General
16.6.2 Steering control system installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\n16.6.3 Steering indication and alarm system
16.6.4 Steering failure alarm system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\n17. Lighting equipment
17.1 General
17.2 Location
17.3 Provisions for portable lighting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\n17.4 Permanent watertight fixtures
17.5 Permanent non-watertight fixtures
17.6 High-intensity discharge lamp fixtures
17.7 Lighting for hazardous locations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\n17.8 Illumination
17.8.1 General
17.8.2 Lighting for cargo handling
17.8.3 Lighting for lifeboat and life raft area
17.9 Searchlights
17.9.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
146<\/td>\n17.9.2 Construction and installation
17.9.3 Lifeboat searchlights
17.10 Emergency lighting
17.11 Nameplates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\n17.12 Solid state lighting (SSL)
17.12.1 Introduction
17.12.2 SSL LED system design features for shipboard application
17.13 Navigation lights and signal lights
17.13.1 General
17.13.2 Navigation lights
17.13.3 Signaling lights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\n17.13.4 Navigation light indicator panel
18. Whistle and siren control systems
19. Heating equipment
19.1 Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\n19.2 Heating elements
19.3 Control switches <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\n19.4 Temperature
19.5 Nameplates
19.6 Electrical heat trace (EHT)
20. Galley equipment and workshop equipment
20.1 Electric cooking equipment
20.1.1 Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\n20.1.2 Mounting
20.1.3 Electric power
20.1.4 Heating elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\n20.1.5 Wiring
20.1.6 Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\n20.1.7 Range tops and griddles
20.1.8 Ovens and broilers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\n20.1.9 Fry kettles
20.2 Motor-driven equipment
20.3 Nameplates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
155<\/td>\n21. Electrical power system protection
21.1 Overview
21.2 Electrical power system protection elements
21.2.1 Fault detection and classification
21.2.2 Fault localization
21.2.3 Fault isolation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\n21.2.4 System reconfiguration
21.3 Electrical power system protection design
21.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\n21.3.2 Conductors
21.3.3 AC systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\n21.3.4 DC systems
21.3.5 Fault-current calculations and overcurrent protective devices
21.3.6 Fixture wires and cords
21.3.7 Motor branch circuits
22. System studies, analyses, and reports
22.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\n22.2 Electric plant load analysis (EPLA)
22.3 Load flow analysis and voltage drop analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
161<\/td>\n22.4 Dynamic analysis (transient and stability)
22.4.1 Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
162<\/td>\n22.4.2 Articulation of working stability criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\n22.4.3 Recommended dynamic analyses\/stability assessments
22.5 Fault current analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\n22.6 Harmonic and frequency analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\n22.7 Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
22.8 Electromagnetic interference (EMI) analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\n22.9 Thermal analysis
22.10 Electrical power system data for the life-cycle cost analysis
22.11 Electrical power system data for the signature analysis
22.12 Safe return to port\/survivability analysis
22.13 Future power growth assessment
22.14 Protective device coordination study <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
168<\/td>\n22.15 Grounding system design report
22.16 Electrical power system corrosion control report
22.17 Electrical power system input to ship\u2019s weight report
22.18 Electrical power system section of the master equipment list <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
169<\/td>\n22.19 Electrical power system input to endurance fuel calculations
22.20 Incident energy analysis
23. EMI\/EMC\/RFI
24. Materials
24.1 Corrosion-resistant parts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\n24.2 Flame-retardant materials
24.3 Brittle material
24.4 Cable selection, application, and installation
24.5 Electrical components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\n25. Power system grounding (earthing)
25.1 General
25.2 Power system grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\n25.3 Grounding resistors and transformers
25.4 Connection point of system grounding
25.4.1 AC system grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\n25.4.2 DC system grounding
25.4.3 Merging separately derived systems
25.5 Equipment grounding
25.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176<\/td>\n25.5.2 Equipment grounding methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\n25.5.3 Grounding of portable equipment
25.6 Ground plates on nonmetallic ships
25.7 Lightning protection grounding
25.8 Stray current protection\u2014Cathodic protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\n25.9 Ground-fault detection
25.10 Condensation prevention
26. Arc flash management <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
181<\/td>\n27. Hazardous locations, installations, and equipment
27.1 General
27.2 Hazardous area classification
27.2.1 Overview <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
182<\/td>\n27.2.2 NEC and CE Code division classification systems
27.2.2.1 Types of explosive atmosphere
27.2.2.2 Likelihood that the explosive atmosphere is present <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\n27.2.2.3 Ignition-related properties of the explosive atmosphere
27.2.2.4 Maximum surface temperature of equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
184<\/td>\n27.2.3 NEC and CE Code zone classification systems
27.2.3.1 Types of explosive atmosphere
27.2.3.2 Likelihood that the explosive atmosphere is present <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\n27.2.3.3 Ignition-related properties of the explosive atmosphere <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
186<\/td>\n27.2.3.4 Maximum surface temperature of equipment
27.3 Area classification for various vessel types
27.3.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
187<\/td>\n27.3.2 All vessels\u2014General
27.3.3 Tank vessels and barges <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
188<\/td>\n27.3.4 Vehicle carriers and roll-on\/roll-off vessels
27.3.5 Mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs)
27.3.6 Coal carriers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\n27.3.7 Dry bulk carriers other than coal carriers
27.4 Hazardous locations equipment protection techniques <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\n27.5 Hazardous locations equipment markings
27.5.1 NEC and CE Code division classification systems
27.5.2 NEC and CE Code zone classification systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
195<\/td>\n27.6 Approved equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\n27.7 Equipment installation
27.7.1 Wiring methods
27.7.2 Ventilation fans
27.7.3 Belt drives
27.7.4 Battery installations
27.7.5 Paint storage or mixing spaces
27.7.6 Vehicle spaces
27.7.7 Tank vessels
27.7.7.1 Distribution systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\n27.7.7.2 Combustible liquid cargo with a closed cup flashpoint of 60 \u00b0C or higher
27.7.7.3 Flammable or combustible liquid cargo with a closed cup flashpoint below 60 \u00b0C (including bulk liquefied gas carriers), ammonia, liquid sulfur carriers, and inorganic acid carriers
27.7.7.4 Bulk carbon disulfide
27.7.7.5 Bulk liquefied gas or ammonia
27.7.8 Submerged cargo pumps
27.7.9 Lighting for cargo handling rooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\n27.7.10 Branch circuits for hazardous spaces
27.7.11 Ungrounded distribution systems
27.7.12 Vessels carrying coal
28. Ship construction and outfitting
28.1 Storage and installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\n28.2 Spare parts
28.3 Documentation
28.4 Testing
29. System operation and maintenance
29.1 Fire extinguishing precautions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\n29.2 Rotating machine cleanliness
29.3 Care of idle apparatus
29.4 Safety
29.5 Total waveform distortion measurements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\n29.6 Cathodic protection sacrificial anodes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
202<\/td>\nAnnex A (informative) Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
203<\/td>\nAnnex B (normative) Electric plant load analysis
B.1 Operating conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
204<\/td>\nB.2 Groupings
B.3 Load factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\nB.4 Margins
B.5 Load analysis summary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\nAnnex C (informative) Common-mode fundamentals
C.1 Introduction
C.1.1 Common-mode voltage and current overview <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
212<\/td>\nC.1.2 Common-mode equivalent models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
213<\/td>\nC.2 Definitions and reference selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
214<\/td>\nC.3 Neutral point <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\nC.4 Common-mode current <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\nC.5 Common-mode voltage source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\nC.6 Relationship of common-mode voltages and currents to dq0 transformation
C.7 Common-mode modeling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\nC.8 Impact of asymmetry on common-mode voltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
227<\/td>\nC.9 Impact of multiple current paths on common-mode currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
228<\/td>\nC.10 Impact of grounding method on common-mode currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nC.11 Managing common-mode currents and voltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
230<\/td>\nC.12 Cable neutral conductors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
231<\/td>\nC.13 Impact of ground faults on common-mode voltages and currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nC.14 References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nAnnex D (informative) Utilizing Th\u00e9venin circuits for common-mode evaluation of power electronic systems
D.1 Introduction
D.2 Th\u00e9venin modeling of power converters
D.2.1 Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
235<\/td>\nD.2.2 Limitations of approach
D.3 Characterizing TECs
D.3.1 Hardware setup <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
237<\/td>\nD.3.2 Parameter extraction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
238<\/td>\nD.4 Worst-case system level CM\/DM behavior <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
239<\/td>\nD.5 References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
240<\/td>\nBack cover <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard–Design (Published)<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IEEE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2023<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":453065,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2644],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-453058","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ieee","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/453058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/453065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=453058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=453058"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=453058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}